Bercakap tentang Tempoh Simptom dalam Bahasa Inggeris: Bila Ia Bermula, Berapa Lama, Sama Ada Ia Berulang

Ungkapan masa dalam Bahasa Inggeris mudah dikelirukan: "two days ago" menggunakan ago, "for two days" menggunakan for, "since Monday" menggunakan since. Panduan ini menjelaskan garis masa simptom supaya anda boleh menjawab soalan seperti "When did it start?" dan "How long has it been going on?" tanpa tersekat.

Artikel ini mengajar komunikasi Bahasa Inggeris untuk situasi penjagaan kesihatan. Ia bukan diagnosis perubatan atau nasihat rawatan. Jika anda mengalami simptom yang mengejut atau semakin teruk, hubungi perkhidmatan kecemasan tempatan atau dapatkan bantuan perubatan dengan segera.

Perbendaharaan Kata Teras

Term	Maksud	Contoh
onset	Saat permulaan sesuatu simptom	The onset was very sudden.
sudden	Berlaku dengan cepat, tanpa amaran	It came on suddenly.
gradual	Terkumpul secara perlahan dari semasa ke semasa	The pain was gradual at first.
since	Dari satu titik masa tertentu sehingga sekarang	I've had it since Monday.
for	Sepanjang satu jangka masa	I've had it for two days.
ago	Satu jangka masa sebelum sekarang (kala lampau)	It started three hours ago.
recurring	Berlaku berulang-ulang kali	It's a recurring pain.
on and off	Datang dan pergi, sekali-sekala	It's been on and off for a week.
first time	Kejadian kali pertama	This is the first time it happened.

Frasa Wajib Tahu

It started [TIME] ago.
I've had it since [TIME / DAY].
I've had it for [DURATION].
It came on suddenly.
It started gradually and got worse.
It's been on and off for [DURATION].
This is the first time this has happened.
It's happened before, about [TIME] ago.
It usually lasts about [DURATION].
It hasn't gone away.
It comes back every [INTERVAL].
I woke up with it this morning.

Since, For, Ago — Tiga Perkataan yang Sering Dikelirukan

since + satu titik masa: since Monday, since 7 a.m., since last week
for + satu jangka masa: for two days, for an hour, for a week
ago + satu jangka masa (dengan kala lampau): two days ago, an hour ago, a week ago
Contoh: The pain started two days ago. = I've had the pain for two days. = I've had the pain since Monday (jika hari ini Rabu).

Ungkapan Janggal berbanding Semula Jadi

Janggal	Semula Jadi
I have pain from Monday.	I've had pain since Monday.
It happens before two days.	It started two days ago.
Long time pain, three weeks.	I've had this pain for three weeks.
Sometimes have, sometimes no.	It's on and off. / It comes and goes.
First time never happen.	This is the first time it's happened.

Dialog Situasi

Doctor: When did the symptoms start?

Patient: They started about three days ago, on Tuesday morning.

Doctor: Have you had this before?

Patient: Yes, something similar happened about six months ago, but it went away after a week.

Doctor: Is it constant or does it come and go?

Patient: It comes and goes. It's worse in the morning and better at night.

Templat Ayat Boleh Tukar Ganti

I've had [SYMPTOM] for [DURATION].
- I've had a sore throat for four days.
It started [TIME] ago, [SUDDENLY / GRADUALLY].
- It started two hours ago, suddenly.
It [LASTS / COMES BACK] every [INTERVAL].
- It comes back every few weeks.
The last time this happened was [TIME] ago.
- The last time this happened was about a year ago.

Latihan

Sebutkan ini dalam Bahasa Inggeris yang semula jadi: sakit kepala yang bermula malam tadi dan tidak berhenti.
Tulis semula ini supaya kedengaran semula jadi di klinik: sakit perut selama kira-kira seminggu, hilang-timbul.
Sebutkan ini dalam Bahasa Inggeris yang semula jadi: ini kali pertama ia berlaku.

Jawapan Rujukan

I've had a headache since last night.
I've had stomach pain for about a week, on and off.
This is the first time this has happened.

Senarai Semak Pra-Temujanji Boleh Disalin

Symptom timeline
Started: ___ (tarikh / masa)
Onset: sudden / gradual
Duration so far: ___
Constant / on and off: ___
Has happened before: yes / no
If yes, last time: ___ ago
Has it changed since it started: better / worse / same

Bacaan Berkaitan

Peringatan terakhir: artikel ini memberi tumpuan kepada komunikasi Bahasa Inggeris, bukan pertimbangan perubatan. Jika simptom mengejut, teruk, atau semakin teruk dengan cepat, dapatkan bantuan perubatan dengan segera.