症狀變化英文：變嚴重、改善、復發、沒有緩解

「How has it changed since it started?」是英語問診中很常被問到的問題。回答時最忌只說 “same” 或 “different” — 醫師需要知道走勢：是慢慢變嚴重？吃了藥之後好了一點？某天突然惡化？這篇把「症狀變化」拆成 4 種常見走勢，配上自然句型。

本文僅教英文溝通，不提供醫療診斷或治療建議；緊急或快速惡化的症狀請尋求當地急救或醫療協助。

核心單字表

English term 中文意思 例句
getting worse 變嚴重 The cough is getting worse.
getting better 改善中 I'm getting better.
about the same 差不多 It's about the same as yesterday.
improve 改善 It improved after I rested.
flare up 突然惡化、發作 The pain flared up last night.
come back 復發、再出現 The headache came back this morning.
go away 消失、痊癒 It went away for a few hours.
persist 持續、沒緩解 The fever persists.
respond to 對 ___ 有反應 It didn't respond to ibuprofen.

必背句型

  1. It's getting worse.（在變嚴重。）
  2. It's getting better.（在改善。）
  3. It's about the same.（跟之前差不多。）
  4. It got better, but then came back.（一度好轉，但又回來了。）
  5. It went away yesterday but returned this morning.（昨天消失了，今天早上又出現。）
  6. Nothing seems to help.（什麼方法都沒效。）
  7. It flared up last night.（昨晚突然發作／惡化。）
  8. It hasn't responded to [MEDICATION].（吃了 ___ 沒效。）
  9. It improved after I [ACTION].（我做了 ___ 之後就改善了。）
  10. It's been worse over the last [DURATION].（最近 ___ 變嚴重。）
  11. The pain peaks in the [TIME OF DAY].（疼痛在 ___ 時段最嚴重。）
  12. I think it's [SLIGHTLY / MUCH] better than yesterday.（我覺得比昨天 ___ 一點。）

錯誤說法 vs 自然說法

不太自然 自然好用
The pain go up. The pain is getting worse.
Same same. It's about the same.
It is OK then it is back. It got better, but it came back.
Medicine no work. The medication didn't help.
Today more bad than yesterday. It's worse today than yesterday.

情境對話

Doctor: How has the pain changed since it started?（症狀開始後有什麼變化？） Patient: It was mild on the first day, but it's been getting worse over the last two days.（第一天還算輕微，但這兩天越來越嚴重。） Doctor: Did anything help?（有什麼方法有用嗎？） Patient: I took some ibuprofen yesterday and it improved for a few hours, but the pain came back this morning.（昨天吃了 ibuprofen，好了幾個小時，但今天早上又痛起來。） Doctor: Is it constant or does it flare up at certain times?（是一直都有，還是某些時候會發作？） Patient: It's mostly constant, but it flares up at night.（大致都有，但晚上會更嚴重。）

可替換句型模板

  • It's been [GETTING WORSE / GETTING BETTER / ABOUT THE SAME] since [TIME].
    • It's been getting worse since yesterday.
  • It improved after [ACTION], but then [WHAT HAPPENED].
    • It improved after I rested, but then it came back.
  • The [SYMPTOM] peaks [TIME] and eases [TIME].
    • The headache peaks in the morning and eases in the evening.
  • [MEDICATION / METHOD] didn't help.
    • Cold compresses didn't help.
    • Rest didn't help.

小練習

  1. 用英文描述：「咳嗽剛開始很輕，但這三天越來越嚴重。」 答： The cough was mild at first, but it's been getting worse over the last three days.
  2. 用英文描述：「吃了藥好了一點，但晚上又開始痛。」 答： It got a little better after the medicine, but the pain came back at night.
  3. 用英文描述：「目前症狀和昨天差不多，沒有變好也沒有變壞。」 答： It's about the same as yesterday — not better, not worse.

看診前可複製的英文整理表

Change since onset

  • Overall trend: getting worse / getting better / about the same
  • Did it ever go away: yes / no
  • Did it come back: yes / no
  • When it peaks: ___
  • When it eases: ___
  • Things tried that helped: ___
  • Things tried that didn't help: ___

延伸閱讀

  • 持續時間英文：症狀從什麼時候開始、多久了、是否反覆
  • 緩解與誘發因素英文：什麼會讓症狀變好或變壞
  • 嚴重程度英文：mild, moderate, severe 與 1 到 10 分疼痛量表

再次提醒：本文聚焦英文溝通技巧，不能取代醫師的判斷。若症狀快速惡化、出現呼吸困難、意識改變或劇烈疼痛，請立即就醫。