受傷英文：跌倒、扭傷、割傷、瘀青、骨折

受傷英文：跌倒、扭傷、割傷、瘀青、骨折

本文僅教英文溝通用法，不提供任何受傷的判斷或處置建議。若懷疑骨折、頭部撞擊後昏迷或嘔吐、大量出血止不住、開放性傷口、頸部或背部劇痛無法移動、孕婦腹部撞擊，請直接前往急診室（ER）或撥打 911，不要在家觀察。

受傷的英文與感冒不同：醫師最在意的是「怎麼受傷的（mechanism of injury）」與「什麼時候（time of injury）」。同樣是手腕痛，「打球扭到」、「跌倒撐手」、「車禍撞到」處置方式天差地別。本文教的是把這個故事用英文講清楚，而不是判斷自己是不是骨折。

圖卡快速複習：受傷英文 6 張重點卡

受傷英文圖卡 1：看診時先講清楚受傷經過與緊急狀況提醒
6-1：看診前先講清楚受傷經過
受傷英文圖卡 2：injury, fall, trip, slip, sprain, strain, twist 的用法
6-2：常見受傷動作與軟組織傷害
受傷英文圖卡 3：cut, bruise, swelling, range of motion, fracture, stitches 等單字
6-3：傷口、瘀青、骨折相關單字
受傷英文圖卡 4：看診時描述受傷經過、症狀、傷口與骨折的必背句型
6-4：看診時可直接套用的句型
受傷英文圖卡 5：錯誤說法與自然說法對照
6-5：錯誤說法 vs 自然說法
受傷英文圖卡 6：urgent care 情境對話與看診前整理清單
6-6：urgent care 情境對話與看診前整理

核心單字表

English term 中文 例句
injury / injured 受傷 I injured my left wrist.
fall / fell 跌倒（過去式 fell） I fell down the stairs this morning.
trip / tripped 絆倒 I tripped over a curb.
slip / slipped 滑倒 I slipped on the ice.
sprain / sprained 扭傷（韌帶） I think I sprained my ankle.
strain / strained 拉傷（肌肉） I strained my lower back.
twist / twisted 扭到 I twisted my knee playing basketball.
cut / laceration 割傷／裂傷 I have a cut on my hand.
bruise / bruised 瘀青／瘀傷 I have a bruise on my hip.
swelling 腫脹 There's a lot of swelling around my ankle.
pain on movement 動就痛 I have pain on movement.
weight-bearing 承重 I can't put weight on my left foot.
range of motion 活動範圍 My range of motion is limited.
suspected fracture 疑似骨折 They want to rule out a fracture.
stitches 縫合 I might need stitches.
tetanus shot 破傷風疫苗 When was my last tetanus shot?
brace / splint 護具／夾板 They put a splint on my wrist.

必背句型

  1. I [fell / tripped / slipped] [time], and I [landed on / hurt] my [body part].
  2. It happened about [time] ago.
  3. I have pain in my [body part], especially when I [move / press / put weight on it].
  4. There's [swelling / bruising / a cut / blood] around the area.
  5. I [can / can't] put weight on it. ─ 能不能踩
  6. I [can / can't] move my [finger / wrist / shoulder].
  7. The pain is [N] out of 10.
  8. I cut my [body part] on a [knife / glass / sharp edge] about [time] ago.
  9. The cut is about [length] long, and it [is / isn't] still bleeding.
  10. I'm not sure if it's broken. I'd like to get it checked.
  11. I haven't had a tetanus shot in years. ─ 受傷時很關鍵
  12. I'm taking [blood thinner / medication], so I bruise / bleed easily.

錯誤說法 vs 自然說法

不太自然 自然說法
My foot is twisted. I twisted my ankle. / I sprained my ankle.
My bone is broken. (除非確認) I'm worried it might be broken. / I'd like to rule out a fracture.
Big blue color on my leg. I have a large bruise on my leg.
Skin is opened. I have an open cut. / I have a laceration.
It hurts when I walk. I have pain when I put weight on it.
I cannot move it. I can't move it / I have very limited range of motion.

情境對話

地點：urgent care 報到後

Provider: How did you injure yourself? （醫師：你怎麼受傷的？）

You: I tripped on a curb walking home about an hour ago. I tried to catch myself and landed on my left wrist. （你：大概一小時前在路邊絆倒，手撐地，左手腕落地。）

Provider: Can you point to where it hurts most? （醫師：可以指出最痛的地方嗎？）

You: Right here, on the back of my wrist. It hurts most when I try to bend it. （你：手腕背側這裡，彎的時候最痛。）

Provider: Any numbness or tingling in your fingers? （醫師：手指有麻或刺感嗎？）

You: No numbness, but there's some swelling and a small bruise forming. （你：沒有麻，有點腫，瘀青正在形成。）

Provider: Can you make a fist? （醫師：能握拳嗎？）

You: I can, but it's painful. I'd give the pain a 6 out of 10. （你：可以，但會痛，痛感大約 6/10。）

Provider: We'll get an X-ray to make sure nothing's broken. （醫師：我們照個 X 光排除骨折。）

可替換句型模板

  • I [fell / tripped / slipped / was hit] [TIME] ago, and I [landed on / hurt] my [BODY PART].
  • The mechanism was [tripping over a curb / slipping on ice / a sports tackle / a fall from standing height].
  • I [can / can't] [bear weight / make a fist / move my fingers / lift my arm].
  • The pain is [N]/10 at rest and [N]/10 when I [move / press].
  • I'm worried about a [fracture / sprain / deep cut], and I'd like it checked.

小練習

  1. 把「我打籃球時扭到右腳踝，現在腫起來了，沒辦法踩」翻成英文。
  2. 把「我用刀切菜時割到左手食指，傷口大概 2 公分，還在流血」翻成英文。
  3. 把「我從樓梯上跌下來，後腦撞到一下，但沒昏倒」翻成英文（提醒：頭部撞擊應立即就醫）。

參考答案

  1. I twisted my right ankle playing basketball. It's swollen now, and I can't put weight on it.
  2. I cut my left index finger while chopping vegetables. The cut is about 2 centimeters long, and it's still bleeding.
  3. I fell down the stairs and hit the back of my head. I didn't lose consciousness.

看診前可複製的英文整理表

  • Mechanism: Tripped over a curb walking home; fell forward; landed on outstretched left hand
  • Time of injury: ~1 hour ago
  • Site of pain: Dorsal (back) side of left wrist
  • Pain: 6/10 with movement; 3/10 at rest
  • Swelling/bruising: Mild swelling, small bruise forming
  • Range of motion: Can make a fist with pain; can't fully extend wrist
  • Neurovascular: No numbness or tingling; fingers warm and pink
  • Other injuries: None / [list — head, knee, etc.]
  • Last tetanus shot: Approximately [year]
  • Blood thinners: No / Yes ([drug])
  • Allergies: None / [list]

醫療邊界提醒

本文僅供英文溝通練習。疑似骨折、頭部撞擊、頸背受傷、開放性傷口、出血不止、孕婦腹部受傷、兒童跌倒後行為改變等情況，請直接前往急診室或撥打 911，不要在家觀察。 是否需要 X 光、是否需要縫合、是否需要破傷風疫苗、是否需要影像檢查或骨科會診，全部由現場醫療人員判斷。

延伸閱讀：感冒、發燒、咳嗽英文、皮膚問題英文、牙醫英文。