清楚咁形容天氣:講計劃、衣著同出行嘅英文字

清楚咁形容天氣:講計劃、衣著同出行嘅英文字

天氣係閒聊嘅話題,但同時亦係實用嘅語言。你會用佢嚟計劃著咩衫、解釋延誤、決定駕唔駕車、取消戶外活動、形容出行情況,亦會用嚟睇得明各種警告。如果你淨係識 sunny(晴朗)、rainy(落雨)、hot(熱)同 cold(凍),你勉強應付到基本對話。但係真實嘅天氣其實更加具體:humid(潮濕)、chilly(涼凍)、windy(大風)、overcast(密雲)、drizzly(毛毛雨)、muggy(焗熱)、icy(結冰)、hazy(煙霞)、mild(和暖)同 stormy(風暴)全部形容唔同情況。

好嘅天氣英文唔係要講得有詩意。佢係要將字詞配返真實情況。「It is cold」可能係真嘅,但「It is chilly and windy(又涼又大風)」就提醒咗人帶件外套。「It is raining」可能係真嘅,但「It is drizzling(落緊毛毛雨)」就話咗畀人聽啲雨好細。「The roads are icy(啲路結咗冰)」比「The weather is bad(天氣好差)」有用。

溫度字詞

Hot 同 cold 係最基本嘅,但英文有好多中間嘅字。Warm 係舒服或者中度嘅熱。Cool 係令人舒服嘅低溫。Mild 意思係舒適、唔極端。Chilly 意思係涼到唔舒服,通常涼到要著外套。Freezing 意思係極度寒冷,或者喺水嘅冰點或以下。

Scorching 同 boiling 係形容好熱天氣嘅非正式字。「It is scorching outside(出面熱到爆)」意思係嗰種熱感覺好強烈。唔好喺正式天氣報告入面用 boiling,但喺日常講法入面就好常見:「It is boiling in this room(呢間房焗到死)。」

Frigid 意思係非常寒冷,聽落比 cold 更加強烈。佢適合用嚟形容冬天嘅空氣、風或者水。「The wind is frigid(陣風凍到刺骨)」意思係啲風感覺尖銳咁凍。

溫度字詞通常會同 feels 一齊用。「It feels colder than it looks(感覺凍過睇落嘅樣)」意思係空氣、風或者濕度改變咗實際感受。「It feels like 95」意思係體感指數或者實際感受大約係 95 度。

雨、雪同天空狀況

Rainy 大致形容一日有雨。Drizzly 意思係細、持續、雨點好細嘅雨。Pouring 意思係落大雨。Showery 意思係雨落落停停。A downpour 係一段短時間嘅大雨。Misty 意思係空氣入面有少少水氣,通常伴隨能見度下降。

Snowy 意思係有雪或者落緊雪。Flurries 係輕微嘅陣雪,可能唔會積落地。Sleet 係結咗冰或者部分結冰嘅雨。Hail 係風暴期間跌落嚟嘅冰球或者冰塊。Slushy 形容地上濕、部分融化咗嘅雪。

Sunny 意思係見到太陽。Clear 意思係好少或者冇雲。Partly cloudy 意思係有啲雲、有啲陽光。Overcast 意思係成個天空都畀雲遮住。Gloomy 意思係灰暗、令人唔舒服。Hazy 意思係空氣唔清澈,通常因為濕度、煙、污染或者塵。

風同空氣

Windy 意思係風好大。Breezy 意思係輕柔或者令人舒服嘅微風。Gusty 意思係風一陣陣突然刮得好勁。Calm 意思係冇乜風或者完全冇風。

Humid 意思係空氣入面有好多水氣。Muggy 意思係又暖又潮濕、令人唔舒服。Sticky 係非正式講法,意思係潮濕到令皮膚覺得唔舒服。Dry 意思係空氣入面好少水氣。

Fresh 可以形容感覺乾淨、涼爽、令人舒服嘅空氣。Stuffy 形容室內空氣感覺侷促、悶熱或者唔流通。

Visibility 意思係你可以睇到幾遠。Foggy 意思係近地面嘅低雲或者水珠令人好難睇清楚。Hazy 比 foggy 輕微,而且通常冇咁濕。Smoky 意思係煙影響咗空氣。能見度清晰對駕車、航班同戶外活動都好重要。

核心字詞同自然搭配

Mild 同 weather、winter、evening、climate 同 temperature 搭配。「We had a mild winter(我哋過咗個和暖嘅冬天)。」

Chilly 同 morning、evening、air、breeze 同 weather 搭配。「It is chilly this morning(今朝好涼)。」

Freezing 同 cold、rain、temperatures、water 同 outside 搭配。「The rain may freeze overnight(啲雨可能會喺夜晚結冰)。」

Scorching 同 heat、sun、day、weather 同 afternoon 搭配。「The afternoon sun was scorching(下晝個太陽曬到爆)。」

Drizzly 同 day、morning、weather、rain 同 afternoon 搭配。「It has been drizzly all morning(成個朝早都落緊毛毛雨)。」

Pouring 同 rain 同 outside 搭配。「It is pouring outside(出面落緊大雨)。」

Overcast 同 sky、day、morning 同 weather 搭配。「The sky is overcast(個天好密雲)。」

Gloomy 同 weather、day、sky 同 morning 搭配。佢包含心情,唔淨止係雲層。

Breezy 同 day、afternoon、conditions 同 weather 搭配。「It is breezy but comfortable(有微風,但都幾舒服)。」

Gusty 同 wind、conditions、storms 同 day 搭配。「Expect gusty winds this evening(今晚預計會有陣風)。」

Humid 同 air、climate、day、summer 同 weather 搭配。「The air is very humid(空氣好潮濕)。」

Muggy 同 night、weather、air 同 summer 搭配。「It was too muggy to sleep(焗到瞓唔到)。」

Foggy 同 morning、road、conditions 同 weather 搭配。「The roads are foggy near the river(河邊嗰段路有霧)。」

Icy 同 roads、sidewalks、wind、conditions 同 surface 搭配。「Be careful. The sidewalk is icy(小心啲,行人路結咗冰)。」

Slushy 同 roads、snow、sidewalks 同 streets 搭配。「The snow turned slushy by noon(到中午啲雪變成濕雪漿)。」

Stormy 同 weather、night、sky、conditions 同 forecast 搭配。「It looks stormy to the west(西邊睇落好似有風暴)。」

Unsettled 意思係天氣多變、唔平靜,通常伴隨雲、雨或者風暴。「The weather will stay unsettled this week(今個禮拜天氣會持續唔穩定)。」

Pleasant 同 weather、day、breeze、temperature 同 evening 搭配。「It is a pleasant day for a walk(今日天氣好,啱晒去散步)。」

形容計劃同影響

當你將天氣字詞同計劃連埋一齊講,佢哋就會更加有用。「It is drizzly, so bring a light rain jacket(落緊毛毛雨,所以帶件薄雨褸啦)」好實用。「The sidewalks are icy, so walk slowly(行人路結咗冰,所以行慢啲)」畀咗一個清晰嘅警告。

形容戶外計劃嘅時候,要同時講埋情況同決定。「It is overcast but mild, so the picnic is still fine(個天密雲但和暖,所以野餐仍然冇問題)。」「It is windy and chilly, so let us sit indoors(又大風又涼,所以我哋坐喺室內啦)。」「There may be scattered showers, so we should bring umbrellas(可能會有零散驟雨,所以我哋應該帶遮)。」

講出行、道路同安全情況嘅時候,要具體啲。「The roads are wet(啲路濕)」同「The roads are icy(啲路結冰)」係兩回事。濕路要小心。結冰嘅路可以好危險。「Visibility is poor because of fog(因為有霧,能見度差)」比「The weather is bad」有用。

形容舒適度嘅時候,用 feels like 同 too。「It is only 70 degrees, but it feels chilly because of the wind(先得 70 度,但因為有風所以感覺涼。)」「It is too muggy for a long walk(太焗,唔適合行長路。)」「The breeze makes it feel cooler(陣微風令人覺得涼爽啲。)」

例句

「It is mild today, so a light jacket is enough.(今日天氣和暖,一件薄外套就夠。)」

「The morning was chilly, but it warmed up after lunch.(朝早幾涼,但食完晏晝就暖返。)」

「It is not pouring. It is just drizzling.(唔係落大雨,只係落緊毛毛雨。)」

「The sky is overcast, but it is not supposed to rain.(個天密雲,但唔應該會落雨。)」

「The air feels muggy, and the room is stuffy.(空氣焗焗哋,間房又侷促。)」

「The wind is gusty, so hold onto your umbrella.(陣陣大風,所以揸實你把遮。)」

「The sidewalks are icy after last night's freezing rain.(噚晚落咗凍雨之後,行人路結咗冰。)」

「The snow is turning slushy near the curb.(路邊嗰啲雪變緊濕雪漿。)」

「It is hazy today, so the mountains are hard to see.(今日有煙霞,所以啲山好難睇得清。)」

「The weather is pleasant: warm, breezy, and clear.(天氣好舒服:和暖、微風、晴朗。)」

學習者常犯嘅錯誤

唔好咩雨都用 rainy 嚟形容。Drizzling、pouring、showery 同 misty 形容唔同嘅落雨情況。

唔好喺自然英文入面講「strong wind weather」。要講 windy、very windy 或者 gusty。你亦可以講「strong winds」。

唔好混淆 cloudy 同 overcast。Cloudy 可以指好多雲。Overcast 意思係成個天空都遮住。

唔好用 humid 嚟淨係表達熱。Humid 意思係空氣潮濕。一日可以又涼又潮濕,不過 muggy 通常係指又暖又潮濕。

唔好講「the weather is ice」。要講「It is icy」、「There is ice on the roads」或者「The sidewalks are icy」。

唔好咩令人舒服嘅戶外情況都用 comfortable。Comfortable 冇問題,但 mild、pleasant、breezy、clear 同 cool 畀到更多細節。

小練習

睇下出面嘅天氣,或者諗下今日嘅天氣。寫一句關於溫度,一句關於天空,一句關於風或者濕度,再一句關於天氣點樣影響你嘅計劃。

改寫以下呢啲含糊嘅句子:

  1. 「The weather is bad.」
  2. 「It is a little cold.」
  3. 「It is raining.」
  4. 「The air is not good.」
  5. 「The road is dangerous.」

而家練習計劃用語。完成以下句子:

「It is _____, so I should wear _____.」

「The forecast says _____, so we should _____.」

「The roads are _____, so it is safer to _____.」

目標係形容埋情況同實際結果,唔淨止係講出個天氣係咩。