turn 嚟個轉變:up、down、out、into
你可以 turn up the music(校大啲音樂)、turn up late(遲到先出現)、turn down a job(拒絕一份工)、turn down the heat(校細啲暖氣),又或者 turn into a great cook(變成一個叻廚師)——全部都係用同一個細細嘅動詞。Turn 係嗰種睇落好簡單嘅字,直到你發現佢靜雞雞咁掌管緊你大半日嘅日常對話。等我哋睇吓呢啲 turn 會帶我哋去邊。
快速解答
turn 嘅核心係「方向嘅改變或者狀態嘅改變」——啲嘢喺度旋轉、轉移,或者變成另一個樣。啲小品詞會操控呢個改變:up 令佢出現或者增加,down 令佢降低或者拒絕,out 揭示一個結果,into 展示一場轉化。睇出個旋轉,其餘嘅自然跟住嚟。
核心概念
諗像一個旋鈕。Turn 就係旋轉本身。每一個片語版本,只係個旋鈕轉去一個新位置。
將旋鈕向上扭,音量就升高——又或者一個人「turns up」,即係現身。將佢向下扭,聲就降低——又或者你「turn down」一個邀約,即係話唔要。等個旋鈕轉完一整圈,你就會見到啲嘢點樣「turn out」。轉得夠遠,一樣嘢就「turns into」另一樣嘢。同一個旋轉嘅概念坐喺每一個意思下面;個小品詞淨係話你知旋鈕轉緊邊個方向。
自然例句
turn up(出現/校大音量)
- Half the guests didn't turn up to the party.
- Could you turn up the radio? I love this song.
turn down(拒絕/調低)
- She turned down a great job to travel for a year.
- Please turn down the heating; it's boiling in here.
turn out(結果/出席)
- The cake turned out perfectly.
- Hundreds of people turned out for the festival.
turn over
- He turned over the card to check the price.
- The company turns over millions every year.
turn into
- The caterpillar turned into a butterfly.
- Our quiet evening turned into a wild party.
turn off / turn on
- Don't forget to turn off the lights.
- Can you turn on the air conditioning?
turn around
- Sales were poor, but the new manager turned the business around.
- He turned around to see who was calling his name.
意思反轉對比
一樣嘅動詞,唔同嘅旋鈕位置:
- 「She turned up the volume.」=校大咗音量。
- 「She turned up an hour late.」=遲咗一個鐘出現。
- 「I turned down the offer.」=拒絕咗。
- 「I turned down the lights.」=調暗咗。
後面跟住嗰個名詞會話你知,而家係邊個意思喺度運作。
常見錯誤
- 「Nobody turned out to the meeting.」→「Nobody turned up to the meeting.」· 講出席或者現身,用 turn up;turn out 用嚟講人群同結果。
- 「He turned into the job.」→「He turned down the job.」· 拒絕一樣嘢,用 turn down。
- 「Please turn down on the TV.」→「Please turn down the TV.」或者「turn the TV down.」· Turn down 後面唔加 on;佢可以直接帶受詞。
- 「The plan turned into well.」→「The plan turned out well.」· 講結果,用 turn out,唔係 turn into。
- 「She turned off to a famous singer.」→「She turned into a famous singer.」· 轉化用 turn into。
考試陷阱
句子填充題好鍾意考 turn out 同 turn up,因為佢哋喺啲棘手嘅地方重疊。一條陷阱題可能寫:「Despite the rain, a surprising number of fans ___ for the open-air concert.」喺度「turned up」同「turned out」都啱出席嘅意思,所以條題目會喺周圍鋪滿線索,逼你揀一個讀法或者封死另一個。應對策略:睇清楚句子係講人現身(turn up/turn out 都得)、一個最終結果(淨係 turn out),定係一個人嘅音量/現身(turn up)。揀之前先確定意思,因為呢兩個片語雖然共用一道門,但係通去唔同嘅房。
小練習
- Could you _____ _____ the music? It's too quiet.
- He _____ _____ the promotion because he didn't want to relocate.
- Everything _____ _____ fine in the end.
- With the right mentor, she _____ _____ a confident speaker.
- Surprisingly, a huge crowd _____ _____ for the launch.
答案
- turn up — 校大音量用 turn up。
- turned down — 拒絕一個邀約係 turn down。
- turned out — 一個最終結果用 turn out。
- turned into — 一場轉化用 turn into。
- turned up(或者 turned out)— 兩個都啱出席;上下文決定語感。
小總結
| 片語 | 核心意思 |
|---|---|
| turn up | 出現/增加 |
| turn down | 拒絕/調低 |
| turn out | 結果/出席 |
| turn over | 反轉/創造營業額 |
| turn into | 轉化 |
| turn off / on | 關/開一部裝置 |
| turn around | 扭轉局面/旋轉 |
諗像個旋鈕,確定佢轉緊邊個方向,turn 就唔再係靠估嘅遊戲。
