睇出貨品問題：講封口破爛、漏液同到期日嘅包裝詞彙
包裝詞彙幫到你描述一件貨品係咪安全、新鮮、完整、有冇損壞，或者係咪可以即用。當你購物、拆開買返嚟嘅雜貨、收快遞、退貨、儲存食物，或者搵店員幫手嘅時候，你就需要呢啲詞。
與其講「This package is bad」，你可以講「The seal is broken, the lid is loose, and the bottle is leaking」。咁就準確咁話畀聽嘅人知出咗咩問題。清晰嘅包裝英文幫到你避開唔安全嘅食物、損壞嘅貨品、缺失嘅部件同令人混亂嘅標籤。
重點分辨
sealed（已密封）指用穩陣嘅方式封住咗，通常用膠膜、錫紙、膠紙、蓋或者安全環。一個已密封嘅包裝係未開過嘅。
opened（已開封）指個包裝之前已經開過。佢可能仲用得，不過喺店舖入面，一個開咗封嘅包裝可以係個問題。
dented（凹陷）指被壓力或者撞擊推咗入去。罐頭、紙盒同金屬容器都會凹陷。細細個凹位可能冇大礙，但深嘅凹陷可以係個警號。
leaking（漏緊）指有液體、粉末或者空氣由包裝走出嚟。樽、紙盒、袋同容器都可以漏。
labeled（有標籤）指個包裝上面印咗或者貼咗資訊。一個標籤可能顯示名稱、容量、成分、使用說明、價錢、條碼或者到期日。
expired（已過期）指最佳品質或者安全使用嘅日期已經過咗。食物、藥物、優惠券同通行證都會過期。講貨品嘅時候，人哋亦會講 past the expiration date。
核心詞彙同短語
- package：裝住貨品嘅容器或者包裝
- packaging：圍住貨品嘅材料
- box：用硬紙或者紙皮做嘅容器
- carton：盒狀容器，多數裝牛奶、雞蛋或者果汁
- can：裝食物或者飲品嘅金屬容器（罐頭）
- jar：有蓋嘅玻璃或者膠容器（樽仔、瓶仔）
- bottle：頂部窄嘅容器（樽）
- bag：軟身嘅容器（袋）
- wrapper：圍住一件貨品嘅材料（包裝紙）
- seal：封閉嘅部分，顯示件貨品受到保護（封口）
- lid：容器可以揭開嘅頂部（蓋）
- cap：樽或者膠管上面細細嘅頂（樽蓋）
- label：貨品上面嘅印刷資訊（標籤）
- barcode：用嚟掃描價錢或者追蹤嘅編碼（條碼）
- expiration date：過咗呢個日期就唔應該用或者賣嘅日期（到期日）
- best-by date：最佳品質嘅日期
- batch number：貨品上面嘅生產編碼（批次號）
- contents：包裝入面嘅嘢
- damage：包裝或者貨品受到嘅損壞
- defect：因生產或者狀況造成嘅問題（瑕疵）
- return：將一件貨品退返畀店舖
- refund：退貨之後退返嘅錢
- exchange：將一件貨品換另一件
自然搭配
可以用 sealed package、broken seal、loose lid、missing cap、torn bag、ripped wrapper、dented can、crushed box、leaking bottle、sticky package、clear label、missing label、expiration date、best-by date、damaged packaging、unopened item、opened box、factory sealed 同 tamper-evident seal。
講動作就用 check the seal、read the label、scan the barcode、open the package、close the lid、tighten the cap、return the item、exchange the product、wipe the bottle、throw away expired food 同 keep the receipt。
例句
"The seal is broken, so I do not want to buy it."
"This can is dented near the top."
"The bottle is leaking inside the bag."
"The label is hard to read because it is wet."
"The expiration date is next week."
"The box is crushed, but the item inside looks fine."
"The cap is loose, and the outside of the bottle feels sticky."
"This package was already opened when I got it."
"The barcode will not scan because the label is torn."
"Can I exchange this for an unopened one?"
描述封口同開口
好多貨品都有封口，顯示佢哋有冇被開過。當封口完整無缺，就用 intact。當有嘢出錯，就用 broken、loose、missing 或者 partly open。
"The plastic seal is intact."
"The safety ring is broken."
"The foil under the lid is partly open."
"The tape on the box has been cut."
"The bag was not fully sealed."
同店員講嘅時候要具體。「It looks opened」係有用嘅，但「The tape has been cut」就更加清楚。
描述損壞
包裝損壞可以係輕微，亦可以係嚴重。輕微嘅表面痕跡用 scuffed；條條線嘅刮痕用 scratched；紙或者膠被扯開用 torn；被壓到變形用 crushed；金屬或者紙皮被推入去用 dented；有個細細嘅窿用 punctured。
"The corner of the box is crushed."
"The bag has a small tear near the top."
"The carton is leaking from the bottom."
"The can has a deep dent along the seam."
"The wrapper is scuffed, but the product is still sealed."
加埋表示位置嘅詞：on the corner、near the top、along the seam、around the lid、under the label 同 at the bottom。
描述日期同標籤
標籤話畀你知件貨品係咩、裝幾多、點用，以及應該幾時用。日期用語要小心。expiration date 暗示件貨品過咗呢個日期就唔應該再用。best-by date 多數指品質，唔一定關安全事。sell-by date 主要係畀店舖用。
"The milk is past the expiration date."
"The crackers are past the best-by date, so they may be stale."
"The label says to refrigerate after opening."
"The ingredients are listed on the back label."
"The barcode is on the bottom of the box."
已經過咗嘅日期用 past。將來嘅日期用 expires on：「This coupon expires on Friday」。
學習者常犯嘅錯誤
唔好將每件舊嘢都講「the food is expired」。包裝食物講「It is expired」或者「It is past the expiration date」係自然嘅。新鮮食物就可能用 stale、spoiled、moldy 或者 rotten 更加準確。
唔好混淆 label 同 brand。brand 係公司或者產品嘅名（品牌）。label 係貼喺包裝上面嘅印刷資訊（標籤）。
唔好講「the package is leak」。要講「the package is leaking」或者「there is a leak」。
唔好將凹陷叫做刮痕。dent 改變件嘢嘅形狀；scratch 淨係喺表面留低痕。
當你想講之前有人開過，唔好講「open package」。要講 opened package 或者 already opened package。
實用範例段落
When I unpacked the grocery bag, I noticed that one bottle was leaking. The cap was loose, and the paper label was wet and starting to peel. A can of soup was also dented near the top, but it was not leaking. The cereal box looked crushed on one corner, though the inner bag was still sealed. I checked the expiration dates before putting everything away. One carton of yogurt was past the expiration date, so I kept the receipt and planned to return it to the store.
好嘅包裝描述會講出容器、問題同確切位置。「The box is damaged」係個開始。「The corner is crushed, but the inner bag is sealed」就畀到足夠細節，等聽嘅人決定下一步點做。