Bahasa Inggeris Perubatan untuk Lawatan OB/GYN: Haid, Kehamilan, Lelehan, Pemeriksaan
Artikel ini mengajar komunikasi bahasa Inggeris untuk situasi penjagaan kesihatan. Ia bukan diagnosis OB/GYN atau nasihat rawatan. Untuk pendarahan faraj yang banyak, sebarang pendarahan atau sakit abdomen yang teruk semasa kehamilan, demam dengan sakit abdomen, muntah berterusan dan dehidrasi semasa kehamilan, atau sebarang kecemasan kehamilan yang disyaki, pergi terus ke bilik kecemasan atau hubungi 911.
OB/GYN (OB = obstetrik + GYN = ginekologi) ialah satu kepakaran tunggal. Lawatan biasa di klinik OB/GYN AS termasuk pemeriksaan tahunan (juga dipanggil well-woman visit), kaunseling pencegahan kehamilan, lawatan pranatal semasa kehamilan, masalah haid, dan lelehan yang luar biasa. Artikel ini menumpukan pada bahasa Inggeris asas yang anda perlukan dalam nada klinikal yang sopan — ia tidak membincangkan pertimbangan klinikal atau perincian yang grafik.
Perbendaharaan Kata Teras
| Term | Maksud | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| OB/GYN | kepakaran / penyedia rawatan obstetrik dan ginekologi | I have an appointment with my OB/GYN. |
| annual exam / well-woman visit | pemeriksaan tahunan | I'm here for my annual exam. |
| period / menstrual cycle | haid / kitaran haid | My period has been irregular. |
| LMP (last menstrual period) | hari pertama haid terakhir | My LMP was March 12. |
| pregnant | hamil | I'm 12 weeks pregnant. |
| prenatal visit | pemeriksaan kehamilan (pranatal) | I'd like to schedule my first prenatal visit. |
| miscarriage | keguguran awal kehamilan | I had a miscarriage two years ago. |
| birth control / contraception | pencegahan kehamilan / kontraseptif | I'd like to discuss birth control options. |
| IUD | alat dalam rahim | I have an IUD. |
| Pap smear | saringan kanser serviks | When was your last Pap smear? |
| pelvic exam | pemeriksaan organ pelvis | I'm a little nervous about the pelvic exam. |
| breast exam | pemeriksaan payudara secara klinikal | Could we go over the breast exam? |
| discharge | lelehan faraj | I've had unusual discharge for a few days. |
| spotting | pendarahan ringan antara haid | I've had some spotting between periods. |
| cramping | sakit seperti kekejangan | I get bad cramping during my period. |
| ultrasound | pengimejan ultrabunyi | The first ultrasound is at 8 weeks. |
Frasa Wajib Tahu
- I'm here for my annual exam / well-woman visit.
- I think I might be pregnant.
- I'm [N] weeks pregnant.
- My last menstrual period was [date].
- My periods are [regular / irregular]. They come every [N] days and last [N] days.
- I've had [unusual / heavier / lighter] discharge for [time].
- I've had some spotting between periods.
- I'm currently using [birth control method].
- I'd like to discuss [birth control / fertility / a missed period].
- I've never had a Pap smear. / My last Pap smear was [time] ago.
- I'd prefer a female provider, if possible.
- Could we walk through what the exam will involve before we start?
Frasa Janggal lwn Frasa Semula Jadi
| Kurang semula jadi | Lebih semula jadi |
|---|---|
| My monthly is not normal. | My periods are irregular. |
| I have baby maybe. | I think I might be pregnant. |
| I am 3 month baby. | I'm about 12 weeks pregnant. |
| Down there pain. | I have pelvic pain. / I'm having cramping. |
| Water down there too much. | I've had more discharge than usual. |
| Bleeding little between month. | I've had some spotting between periods. |
Dialog Situasi
Senario 1: Mendaftar masuk untuk pemeriksaan tahunan
Receptionist: Hi, what brings you in today?
You: Hi, I'm here for my annual exam.
Receptionist: Sure. Is this your first visit with us?
You: Yes. I'd like to also discuss birth control options if there's time.
Senario 2: Kemungkinan kehamilan
Provider: What can I help you with today?
You: My period is about two weeks late, and I'm normally regular. I took a home pregnancy test yesterday and it was positive.
Provider: Congratulations. When was your last menstrual period?
You: March 12. So about six weeks ago.
Provider: Any nausea, breast tenderness, or fatigue?
You: Some nausea in the mornings, mild breast tenderness, and I've been very tired.
Provider: Let's confirm with a blood test today and schedule your first prenatal visit at around 8 weeks.
Templat Ayat Boleh Ganti
- I'm here for [annual exam / a prenatal visit / a follow-up / a concern about (SYMPTOM)].
- My LMP was [DATE], and my cycle is normally [N] days, lasting [N] days.
- I [am / might be / am not] currently pregnant. I've [had / never had] a previous pregnancy.
- I'm currently using [BIRTH CONTROL METHOD], and I [am / am not] satisfied with it.
- Could you explain [what the exam will involve / what the next step is / how the results will be shared]?
Latihan
- Sebutkan ini dalam bahasa Inggeris semula jadi: haid yang lewat lima hari bagi seseorang yang kitarannya biasanya sangat tetap.
- Sebutkan ini dalam bahasa Inggeris semula jadi: kini 16 minggu hamil dan melawat klinik ini buat kali pertama.
- Sebutkan ini dalam bahasa Inggeris semula jadi: ingin mengetahui perbezaan antara IUD dan pil pencegah kehamilan oral.
Jawapan Rujukan
- My period is five days late. I'm normally very regular.
- I'm currently 16 weeks pregnant, and this is my first visit at this clinic.
- I'd like to learn about the differences between an IUD and oral birth control pills.
Ringkasan Pra-Lawatan Sedia Salin
- Sebab lawatan: Annual exam / Prenatal visit / Specific concern: ____
- LMP (last menstrual period): [Date]
- Kitaran: Length [N] days; bleeding lasts [N] days; flow [light / moderate / heavy]
- Kehamilan: Currently pregnant — yes / no / possible; weeks: ____
- Kehamilan terdahulu: [Number] — [outcomes, e.g., 1 live birth, 1 miscarriage at 8 weeks]
- Pencegahan kehamilan: Method [pills / IUD / condoms / none]; how long
- Pap smear terakhir: [Date or "never"]
- Mamogram terakhir (jika berkenaan): [Date or "never"]
- Gejala / kebimbangan: [e.g., irregular spotting for 6 weeks; heavier-than-usual periods]
- Alahan: None / [list]
- Ubat semasa: None / [list]
- Pilihan penyedia rawatan: Female provider preferred — yes / no / no preference
Catatan tentang Sempadan Perubatan
Artikel ini hanya untuk latihan komunikasi bahasa Inggeris dan tidak menyediakan diagnosis atau nasihat rawatan OB/GYN. Bila perlu menjalankan ujian darah, bila perlu menjalankan ultrasound, bila perlu membuat rujukan, dan sama ada anda memerlukan patologi atau rawatan ialah keputusan untuk seorang pengamal OB/GYN. Pergi ke bilik kecemasan dengan segera untuk mana-mana yang berikut: pendarahan faraj yang banyak (membasahi lebih daripada satu tuala wanita setiap jam), sebarang pendarahan atau sakit abdomen semasa kehamilan, sakit abdomen teruk dengan demam, muntah berterusan semasa kehamilan dengan ketidakupayaan untuk menahan cecair atau dengan rasa pening, atau sakit kepala yang teruk secara mengejut dengan perubahan penglihatan atau pembengkakan semasa kehamilan.
Jika anda berasa cemas tentang sesuatu pemeriksaan tertentu — sebagai contoh, pelvic exam atau Pap smear — adalah sangat munasabah untuk memberitahu hal itu kepada pasukan penjagaan anda. Kebanyakan klinik OB/GYN akan menerangkan prosedur itu terlebih dahulu, memperlahankan rentaknya, atau menguruskan seorang teman pengiring dengan persetujuan anda.
Bacaan Berkaitan
Masalah kulit dalam bahasa Inggeris, Masalah perut dalam bahasa Inggeris, Alahan dalam bahasa Inggeris.