Bahasa Inggeris Perubatan untuk Kecederaan: Jatuh, Terseliuh, Luka, Lebam, dan Kemungkinan Patah Tulang
Artikel ini mengajar komunikasi bahasa Inggeris untuk situasi penjagaan kesihatan. Ia bukan penilaian kecederaan atau nasihat rawatan. Jika anda mengesyaki patah tulang, mengalami kecederaan kepala dengan kehilangan kesedaran atau muntah, mengalami pendarahan teruk yang tidak berhenti, luka terbuka, sakit leher atau belakang yang teruk dengan ketidakupayaan untuk bergerak, atau kecederaan abdomen semasa kehamilan, pergi terus ke bilik kecemasan (ER) atau hubungi 911. Jangan tunggu ia reda di rumah.
Bahasa Inggeris kecederaan berbeza daripada bahasa Inggeris selesema: penyedia rawatan paling mengambil berat tentang mekanisme kecederaan dan masa kecederaan. Kesakitan pergelangan tangan yang sama akibat pemulasan semasa bermain bola keranjang, jatuh dengan tangan menyokong badan, atau kemalangan kereta membawa kepada langkah seterusnya yang sangat berbeza. Artikel ini membantu anda menceritakan kisah itu dengan jelas — ia tidak membantu anda menentukan sama ada anda mengalami patah tulang.
Perbendaharaan Kata Teras
| Term | Maksud | Contoh |
|---|---|---|
| injury / injured | kemudaratan kepada badan / tercedera | I injured my left wrist. |
| fall / fell | terjatuh (kata kerja lampau fell) | I fell down the stairs this morning. |
| trip / tripped | tersadung kaki dan terhuyung | I tripped over a curb. |
| slip / slipped | hilang pijakan di permukaan licin | I slipped on the ice. |
| sprain / sprained | kecederaan ligamen (terseliuh) | I think I sprained my ankle. |
| strain / strained | kecederaan otot (teregang) | I strained my lower back. |
| twist / twisted | memulas sendi dengan janggal | I twisted my knee playing basketball. |
| cut / laceration | luka kulit terbuka | I have a cut on my hand. |
| bruise / bruised | kawasan berubah warna akibat pendarahan di bawah kulit (lebam) | I have a bruise on my hip. |
| swelling | pembengkakan | There's a lot of swelling around my ankle. |
| pain on movement | sakit ketika menggerakkan bahagian itu | I have pain on movement. |
| weight-bearing | mampu menyokong berat badan | I can't put weight on my left foot. |
| range of motion | sejauh mana sesuatu sendi boleh bergerak | My range of motion is limited. |
| suspected fracture | kemungkinan patah tulang | They want to rule out a fracture. |
| stitches | jahitan luka | I might need stitches. |
| tetanus shot | vaksin tetanus | When was my last tetanus shot? |
| brace / splint | alat sokongan / alat pengikat agar tidak bergerak | They put a splint on my wrist. |
Frasa Wajib Tahu
- I [fell / tripped / slipped] [time], and I [landed on / hurt] my [body part].
- It happened about [time] ago.
- I have pain in my [body part], especially when I [move / press / put weight on it].
- There's [swelling / bruising / a cut / blood] around the area.
- I [can / can't] put weight on it.
- I [can / can't] move my [finger / wrist / shoulder].
- The pain is [N] out of 10.
- I cut my [body part] on a [knife / glass / sharp edge] about [time] ago.
- The cut is about [length] long, and it [is / isn't] still bleeding.
- I'm not sure if it's broken. I'd like to get it checked.
- I haven't had a tetanus shot in years. — penting untuk sebarang luka terbuka
- I'm taking [blood thinner / medication], so I bruise / bleed easily.
Frasa Janggal lwn Frasa Semula Jadi
| Kurang semula jadi | Lebih semula jadi |
|---|---|
| My foot is twisted. | I twisted my ankle. / I sprained my ankle. |
| My bone is broken. (tanpa pengimejan) | I'm worried it might be broken. / I'd like to rule out a fracture. |
| Big blue color on my leg. | I have a large bruise on my leg. |
| Skin is opened. | I have an open cut. / I have a laceration. |
| It hurts when I walk. | I have pain when I put weight on it. |
| I cannot move it. | I can't move it / I have very limited range of motion. |
Dialog Situasi
Latar: klinik penjagaan segera, selepas pendaftaran
Provider: How did you injure yourself?
You: I tripped on a curb walking home about an hour ago. I tried to catch myself and landed on my left wrist.
Provider: Can you point to where it hurts most?
You: Right here, on the back of my wrist. It hurts most when I try to bend it.
Provider: Any numbness or tingling in your fingers?
You: No numbness, but there's some swelling and a small bruise forming.
Provider: Can you make a fist?
You: I can, but it's painful. I'd give the pain a 6 out of 10.
Provider: We'll get an X-ray to make sure nothing's broken.
Templat Ayat Boleh Ganti
- I [fell / tripped / slipped / was hit] [TIME] ago, and I [landed on / hurt] my [BODY PART].
- The mechanism was [tripping over a curb / slipping on ice / a sports tackle / a fall from standing height].
- I [can / can't] [bear weight / make a fist / move my fingers / lift my arm].
- The pain is [N]/10 at rest and [N]/10 when I [move / press].
- I'm worried about a [fracture / sprain / deep cut], and I'd like it checked.
Latihan
- Tulis semula untuk klinik: buku lali terseliuh semasa bermain bola keranjang, bengkak, tidak boleh menyokong berat badan padanya.
- Tulis semula untuk klinik: luka pada jari telunjuk kiri akibat memotong sayur, kira-kira 2 cm panjang, masih berdarah.
- Tulis semula untuk klinik: jatuh menuruni tangga dan terhantuk bahagian belakang kepala, tiada kehilangan kesedaran (dan ingat: sebarang hentakan kepala memerlukan penilaian perubatan segera).
Jawapan Rujukan
- I twisted my right ankle playing basketball. It's swollen now, and I can't put weight on it.
- I cut my left index finger while chopping vegetables. The cut is about 2 centimeters long, and it's still bleeding.
- I fell down the stairs and hit the back of my head. I didn't lose consciousness.
Ringkasan Pra-Lawatan Sedia Salin
- Mekanisme: Tripped over a curb walking home; fell forward; landed on outstretched left hand
- Masa kecederaan: ~1 hour ago
- Tapak kesakitan: Dorsal (back) side of left wrist
- Kesakitan: 6/10 with movement; 3/10 at rest
- Pembengkakan/lebam: Mild swelling, small bruise forming
- Julat pergerakan: Can make a fist with pain; can't fully extend wrist
- Neurovaskular: No numbness or tingling; fingers warm and pink
- Kecederaan lain: None / [list — head, knee, etc.]
- Suntikan tetanus terakhir: Approximately [year]
- Pencair darah: No / Yes ([drug])
- Alahan: None / [list]
Catatan tentang Sempadan Perubatan
Artikel ini hanya untuk latihan komunikasi bahasa Inggeris. Untuk patah tulang yang disyaki, sebarang hentakan kepala, kecederaan leher atau belakang, luka terbuka, pendarahan yang tidak berhenti, kecederaan abdomen semasa kehamilan, atau sebarang perubahan tingkah laku pada kanak-kanak selepas terjatuh, pergi terus ke ER atau hubungi 911 — jangan tunggu ia reda di rumah. Sama ada anda memerlukan X-ray, jahitan, suntikan tetanus, pengimejan, atau rujukan ortopedik ialah keputusan untuk pasukan perubatan di lokasi.
Bacaan Berkaitan
Selesema, demam, batuk dalam bahasa Inggeris, Masalah kulit dalam bahasa Inggeris, Lawatan ke doktor gigi dalam bahasa Inggeris.