出國看醫生前要準備什麼？英文病史與用藥清單模板

很多人出國前會買旅遊保險、抄好飯店地址，但忘了一件最重要的事：準備一份英文版的個人健康摘要。一旦在國外掛急診、看診所、甚至只是去藥局買 OTC 藥，你都會被問到病史、用藥、過敏。如果你只能在當下用零碎英文回答，溝通品質會差很多，醫師也可能因為資訊不夠完整而做出保守處置。

本文僅教英文溝通與資料整理方法，不提供醫療診斷或治療建議；任何用藥調整都應由你信任的醫師決定，緊急症狀請尋求當地急救協助。

這篇給你三份可直接複製的模板：Medical History（病史）、Medication List（用藥清單）、Allergy & Emergency Card（過敏／緊急聯絡卡）。每份都附英文用語說明，讓你知道為什麼要這樣寫。

為什麼一定要事先寫好？

當下用英文講不清楚的原因通常不是「不會講」，而是兩件事：

  • 資訊本身在腦中沒整理：自己也搞不清楚那個藥到底叫什麼學名。
  • 緊急狀態下記憶力下降：發燒、頭痛、焦慮的時候，連母語都會吞吞吐吐。

寫成英文卡片或文件後，你可以直接遞給對方看，對方掃過去 30 秒就掌握全貌。這對醫護人員來說，比你結巴 5 分鐘有用得多。

核心單字表

English 中文 例句
medical history 病史 Here's a summary of my medical history.
chronic condition 慢性病 I have one chronic condition: high blood pressure.
pre-existing condition 既有疾病 I have a few pre-existing conditions.
medication 藥物（總稱） I'm on three medications.
dosage 劑量 The dosage is 500 mg twice a day.
generic name 學名 What's the generic name of this drug?
brand name 商品名 The brand name in Taiwan is different.
over-the-counter (OTC) 非處方藥 I bought it over the counter.
allergy 過敏 I have a peanut allergy.
immunization / vaccination 疫苗 My immunizations are up to date.
primary care doctor 家庭醫師 My primary care doctor is in Taiwan.
next of kin 緊急聯絡人 My next of kin is my mother.

必背句型

  1. "I brought a summary of my medical history. May I show it to you?" — 開場最有力的一句。
  2. "I have a list of the medications I take regularly." — 把用藥清單拿出來。
  3. "I take this medication every morning / every night / twice a day." — 講頻率。
  4. "The dosage is 10 mg per tablet." — 講劑量單位。
  5. "I'm allergic to [BLANK]. The reaction was [BLANK]." — 講過敏 + 反應。
  6. "My last health check was in [month, year]." — 講上次健康檢查時間。
  7. "I had surgery on my [部位] in [year]." — 講手術史。
  8. "I don't smoke. I drink occasionally." — 簡單交代生活習慣。
  9. "My emergency contact is [name], phone number [BLANK]." — 緊急聯絡人。
  10. "I'd like to keep this list for my records." — 想留底時這樣講。

錯誤說法 vs 自然說法

不自然 自然說法 為什麼
I have sickness many year. I have a chronic condition called [BLANK]. 用 chronic condition 比 sickness 精準。
I eat blood pressure medicine. I take medication for high blood pressure. 藥用 take，不用 eat。
Drug name I forget. I don't remember the brand name, but the generic is [BLANK]. 主動補資訊，不要只丟「忘了」。
I allergy peanut. I'm allergic to peanuts. allergy 是名詞；allergic 是形容詞。
I cut last year. I had surgery last year. 簡單講動過刀就用 had surgery。
My mom is emergency. My emergency contact is my mom. 講人不要講「她是 emergency」。

情境對話：第一次到當地家醫科

Doctor: Welcome. Since this is your first visit, can you walk me through your medical history? （醫師：歡迎，因為是第一次來，可以說一下你的病史嗎？）

You: Of course. I actually brought a summary in English. Here it is. （你：當然。我準備了一份英文摘要，這是我的。）

Doctor: Great, this is very helpful. So you have high blood pressure, and you take amlodipine 5 mg every morning? （醫師：太好了，這很有幫助。你有高血壓，每天早上吃 amlodipine 5 毫克？）

You: Yes, that's right. I've been on it for about three years. No side effects so far. （你：對。吃了大概三年，目前沒有副作用。）

Doctor: Any allergies? （醫師：有過敏嗎？）

You: I'm allergic to penicillin. The last time I took it, I got a rash all over my body. （你：我對盤尼西林過敏，上次吃完全身起疹子。）

Doctor: Got it. I'll make a note of that. （醫師：了解，我會註記起來。）

三份英文模板（直接複製）

模板 1：Medical History Summary（病史摘要）

Medical History Summary
Patient name: __________
Date of birth: __________
Blood type: __________
Height / Weight: __________ / __________

Chronic conditions:
- __________ (diagnosed year ____)
- __________ (diagnosed year ____)

Past surgeries / hospitalizations:
- __________ (year ____)

Family history:
- Father: __________
- Mother: __________

Lifestyle: smoking ___ / alcohol ___ / exercise ___
Last health check: __________
Primary care doctor (home country): __________

模板 2：Current Medication List（目前用藥清單）

把每一種藥都列清楚。最重要的是寫學名 (generic name)，因為品牌名各國不同。

Current Medications
1. Generic name: __________   Brand name: __________
   Dosage: __________   Frequency: __________
   Reason: __________   Started: __________

2. Generic name: __________   Brand name: __________
   Dosage: __________   Frequency: __________
   Reason: __________   Started: __________

Supplements / vitamins:
- __________
- __________

模板 3：Allergy & Emergency Card（過敏與緊急聯絡卡，建議印小卡放錢包）

ALLERGY & EMERGENCY CARD
Name: __________
Date of birth: __________
Blood type: __________

Allergies:
- __________ (reaction: __________)
- __________ (reaction: __________)

Emergency contact:
- Name: __________   Relationship: __________
- Phone: __________   Email: __________

Insurance:
- Company: __________
- Policy number: __________

Preferred language: Mandarin Chinese / English
"In case of emergency, please call my contact above."

可替換句型模板

  1. "I take [藥名] [劑量] [頻率] for [病]."
    • I take metformin 500 mg twice a day for diabetes.
  2. "I'm allergic to [BLANK]. The reaction is [BLANK]."
    • I'm allergic to shellfish. The reaction is hives and trouble breathing.
  3. "I had [手術／治療] in [年]."
    • I had knee surgery in 2022.
  4. "My family has a history of [BLANK]."
    • My family has a history of heart disease on my father's side.

小練習

把以下中文翻成自然的英文。

  1. 我每天晚上吃一顆降膽固醇的藥。
  2. 我對某些消炎藥過敏，會起疹子。
  3. 我兩年前因為盲腸開過刀。
  4. 我的緊急聯絡人是我太太，電話是 +886-912-345-678。
  5. 我帶了一份英文病史摘要，可以給你看嗎？
參考答案
  1. I take one cholesterol pill every night.
  2. I'm allergic to some anti-inflammatory drugs; they give me a rash.
  3. I had appendix surgery two years ago.
  4. My emergency contact is my wife. Her phone number is +886-912-345-678.
  5. I brought a summary of my medical history in English. May I show it to you?

看診前可複製的英文整理表

行李檢查清單版本：

Pre-trip medical prep
[ ] English medical history summary printed (1 copy in luggage, 1 in carry-on)
[ ] Medication list with generic + brand names
[ ] Allergy & emergency card in wallet
[ ] At least 1 week of buffer for prescription medications
[ ] Travel insurance policy number saved on phone
[ ] Phone number of primary care doctor at home
[ ] Phrase: "I have a list of my medications. May I show it to you?"

延伸閱讀

提醒：本文僅教英文溝通與資料整理方法，不提供醫療診斷或處方建議。任何用藥變動或健康疑慮，請與你信任的醫師討論；緊急狀況請立即聯絡當地急救服務。