兒童看診英文：幫小孩描述症狀與回答醫師問題

帶小孩去看 pediatrician（兒科醫師），最大的挑戰不是英文難，而是你必須幫一個還不會自己描述身體的人翻譯。小小孩說「我肚子痛痛」，你要在英文裡轉成「他從昨晚開始抱怨肚子痛、不吃東西、沒有發燒、有去過幼兒園」。資訊密度很高，醫師時間又有限，事先把這些句子準備好會讓整個看診順很多。

本文僅教英文溝通，不提供醫療診斷或治療建議；若孩子出現呼吸困難、嘴唇發紫、抽搐、意識不清、持續高燒不退或脫水跡象，請立即撥打當地急救電話或前往 emergency room（急診室）。

核心單字表

English term	中文意思	例句
pediatrician	兒科醫師	We're seeing the pediatrician at 10.
fever	發燒	He's been running a fever since last night.
temperature	體溫	Her temperature was 39 degrees Celsius this morning.
rash	疹子	She has a rash on her belly and back.
cough	咳嗽	He has a dry cough that gets worse at night.
runny nose	流鼻水	She's had a runny nose for two days.
ear pain	耳朵痛	He keeps tugging at his ear and crying.
diarrhea	拉肚子	She's had diarrhea three times today.
vomiting	嘔吐	He vomited twice after breakfast.
appetite	食慾	His appetite has been low since yesterday.
immunizations / shots	疫苗	Are her immunizations up to date?
daycare / preschool	日托／幼兒園	He goes to daycare five days a week.

必背句型

下列句子是「父母版」的萬用工具箱，幾乎所有兒童看診都用得上。

"My son / daughter has been ___ since ___."（兒子／女兒從某時起一直 ___）
"She's been running a fever of around 38.5."（她持續發燒大約 38.5 度）
"He won't eat / he's not eating much."（他不吃／他吃得很少）
"She's been more tired than usual."（她比平常更累、沒精神）
"He keeps pulling at his ear."（他一直抓耳朵）
"I gave him children's Tylenol about two hours ago."（我兩小時前給他吃了兒童退燒藥）
"There's a stomach bug going around at daycare."（最近幼兒園有腸胃炎在流行）
"His immunizations are up to date."（他疫苗都有打）
"He's allergic to ___."（他對 ___ 過敏）
"I'm worried because he's not drinking enough."（我擔心他喝水不夠）
"How much should I give him, and how often?"（藥量多少？多久一次？）
"When should I bring him back if he doesn't get better?"（如果沒好轉，什麼時候該再回診？）

錯誤說法 vs 自然說法

不自然	自然說法	為什麼
My son is sick fever.	My son has a fever. / My son is running a fever.	sick 後面不直接接 fever；用 have a / running a。
He no eat.	He won't eat. / He's not eating.	用 won't 表示「就是不肯」；用 not + V-ing 表示「現在沒在吃」。
She vomit two times.	She vomited twice.	過去式 + twice 比 two times 自然。
His ear is pain.	He has ear pain. / His ear hurts.	痛通常用 have + 症狀名或主詞 + hurt。
I give him medicine already.	I already gave him some medicine.	過去式 + already 位置要對。
He cry whole night.	He cried all night.	過去式 + all night。
Daycare have many sick child.	A lot of kids at daycare are sick right now.	改成自然主詞與時態。

情境對話：帶 4 歲兒子看耳朵痛

Receptionist: Hi, what's the patient's name and date of birth? （櫃檯：嗨，請問病人姓名與出生年月日？）

Parent: His name is Leo Lin, born March 5, 2022. We have a 10:15 appointment. （家長：他叫 Leo Lin，2022 年 3 月 5 日出生，預約 10 點 15 分。）

Nurse: What brings Leo in today? （護理師：Leo 今天怎麼了？）

Parent: He's been pulling at his right ear since last night, and he has a low fever — about 38.2. He's also been more cranky than usual and didn't eat much breakfast. （家長：他從昨晚開始一直抓右邊耳朵，有點低燒，38.2 度。比平常容易哭鬧，早餐也沒怎麼吃。）

Nurse: Any cough, runny nose, or vomiting? （護理師：有咳嗽、流鼻水或嘔吐嗎？）

Parent: A little runny nose for the past three days, no vomiting. He goes to daycare and there's a cold going around. （家長：過去三天有點流鼻水，沒吐。他在上幼兒園，最近有感冒在流行。）

Doctor: Any allergies, and are his shots up to date? （醫師：有過敏嗎？疫苗都有打嗎？）

Parent: No known allergies. His immunizations are all up to date. （家長：沒有已知過敏。疫苗都有按時打。）

Doctor: Okay, I'm going to take a look in his ears and throat. Leo, can you open wide for me? （醫師：好，我看一下他的耳朵跟喉嚨。Leo，可以張大嘴嗎？）

Parent: If you prescribe anything, could you write down the dose? I want to make sure I give him the right amount. （家長：如果有開藥，可以幫我寫下劑量嗎？我想確認給他的量正確。）

可替換句型模板

把 [BLANK] 換成你家小孩的情況。

"My [son / daughter] has had [BLANK] for [BLANK]."
- My daughter has had a cough for four days.
- My son has had a rash on his arms for two days.
"He's been running a fever of around [BLANK]."
- around 38.5 Celsius
- around 101 Fahrenheit
"I last gave him [BLANK] at [BLANK]."
- children's Tylenol at 8 a.m.
- ibuprofen about three hours ago
"She's allergic to [BLANK]."
- peanuts
- amoxicillin
"I'm worried because [BLANK]."
- she hasn't had a wet diaper in six hours
- he won't drink any water
"Should I bring him back if [BLANK]?"
- the fever doesn't go down in 48 hours
- the rash spreads

小練習

把下面句子翻成自然英文。

我女兒從昨天晚上開始發燒，大約 38 度。
他不太吃東西，但有在喝水。
她對花生過敏。
我兩個小時前給他吃了退燒藥。
如果沒好轉，我什麼時候該帶她回來？

參考答案

My daughter has had a fever since last night, around 38 degrees.
He's not eating much, but he's still drinking.
She's allergic to peanuts.
I gave him some fever medicine about two hours ago.
When should I bring her back if she doesn't get better?

看診前可複製的英文整理表

帶小孩看診前先把這張表填好，放在手機裡。被問到時直接照唸。

Pediatric visit summary
- Child's name: __________
- Date of birth: __________
- Weight (approx.): __________ kg / lb
- Main symptom: __________ (started ___ ago)
- Fever: highest ___, last measured at ___
- Other symptoms: cough / runny nose / rash / vomiting / diarrhea / ear pain
- Eating: normal / less than usual / not eating
- Drinking: normal / less than usual / refusing
- Last wet diaper / bathroom: __________
- Medications given today: __________ at ___
- Allergies: __________
- Immunizations up to date: yes / no
- Daycare / preschool exposure: __________
- My main concern today: __________

把這張表整段唸給醫師聽，比一句一句被追問效率高很多。