醫療檢查英文：抽血、尿液、X 光、超音波、MRI

醫師說「Let's order some tests」之後，常見的劇本是：拿一張單子去 lab、imaging center 或藥局；櫃台問你要做什麼檢查、有沒有空腹、有沒有金屬植入物。每個檢查的英文流程都不長，但卡在某個字（contrast、fast、claustrophobic）就會聽不懂或答不上。把抽血、尿液、X 光、超音波、CT、MRI 五大類各記幾組句子，整個檢查流程就會順很多。

本文僅教英文溝通，不提供醫療診斷或治療建議；任何檢查前後的飲食、用藥、活動限制請依照當地醫師或檢查中心指示。

核心單字表

必背句型

預約／報到：

1. "I'd like to schedule [BLANK]."
   • a blood test
   • an MRI of my knee
2. "I'm here for my [10 a.m.] [BLANK]."
   • blood draw
   • chest X-ray
3. "I have a referral / order from Dr. [BLANK]."

問規則：

4. "Should I fast before the test?"（要空腹嗎？）
5. "How long should I fast for?"（要空腹多久？）
6. "Can I drink water?"（可以喝水嗎？）
7. "Should I take my medication that morning?"（當天早上的藥還要吃嗎？）
8. "Will I need contrast?"（會打顯影劑嗎？）
9. "How long will it take?"（檢查要多久？）
10. "Is there any prep I need to do beforehand?"（事前要做什麼準備？）

檢查中：

11. "Could you tell me what's going to happen, step by step?"（可以幫我解釋一下流程嗎？）
12. "I get a little claustrophobic — could we take a break if I need to?"（我有點幽閉恐懼，需要時可以休息嗎？）
13. "My arm is hard to draw from — please use my left arm."（我這邊血管難找，請用我左手）

結果：

14. "When will the results be ready?"（多久會有結果？）
15. "How will I get the results?"（怎麼拿到結果？）
16. "Could you send a copy to my doctor and to me?"（可以一份給我醫師、一份給我嗎？）

各檢查重點英文

抽血 Blood test

• "I'm here for a blood draw."（我來抽血）
• "It's a fasting test — I haven't eaten since 9 p.m. last night."（這是空腹檢查，我昨晚 9 點後沒吃東西）
• "I tend to get a little dizzy after blood draws."（抽完血我容易頭暈）
• "Could I lie down during the draw?"（可以躺著抽嗎？）
• 常見項目：CBC（全血球計數）、metabolic panel（代謝指標）、A1C、cholesterol panel

尿液檢驗 Urine test

• "Where do I leave the urine sample?"（檢體要放哪裡？）
• "Is this a clean catch?"（要做清潔中段尿嗎？）
• "How much do you need?"（需要多少量？）
• 常見：urinalysis、urine culture

X 光 X-ray

• "I need a chest X-ray today."
• "Are you pregnant or could you be pregnant?"（是必問）→ "No, I'm not / Yes, I might be."
• "Please remove anything metal — necklaces, bras with underwire."（聽得懂的指示）

超音波 Ultrasound

• "It's an abdominal ultrasound — fasting required."（腹部超音波要空腹）
• "For the pelvic ultrasound you may need a full bladder."（骨盆超音波可能要憋尿）
• "The gel will feel cold."（凝膠會涼涼的）

CT scan

• "Will the CT use contrast — IV or oral?"（CT 會用顯影劑嗎？靜脈打還是喝？）
• "I'm allergic to iodine contrast — please note that."（我對碘顯影劑過敏，請記下來）
• "How long will I be in the machine?"

MRI

• "Do I have any metal in my body — implants, pacemaker, surgical clips?"（被問必答）→ list 出來。
• "I'll need to take off anything metal, including jewelry and credit cards."
• "It can be loud — they'll give me earplugs."
• "I get claustrophobic — could I have a mild sedative?"（我會幽閉恐懼，可以用輕度鎮靜嗎？）
• "How long does the scan last?"

錯誤說法 vs 自然說法

情境對話：在 imaging center 做 MRI

Receptionist: Hi, do you have an order for today? （櫃檯：嗨，你今天有檢查單嗎？）

You: Yes, an MRI of my right knee. My referring doctor is Dr. Patel. （你：有，右膝 MRI，轉介醫師是 Patel 醫師。）

Receptionist: Have you ever had any metal implants, surgeries with clips, or a pacemaker? （櫃檯：你有過金屬植入、手術夾子、或心律調節器嗎？）

You: I had ACL surgery in 2018, so I have surgical screws in my knee. No pacemaker, no other implants. （你：2018 年動過前十字韌帶手術，膝蓋裡有金屬釘子，沒有心律調節器，也沒有其他植入物。）

Technician: That's fine for MRI, but the screws may show up on the images. The scan will take about 30 minutes. The machine is loud — you'll have earplugs and a button to press if you need to stop. （技師：MRI 可以做，但釘子會顯示在影像上。檢查約 30 分鐘，機器很吵，會給你耳塞，需要停的話可以按按鈕。）

You: Thank you. I get a little claustrophobic — could we do a quick test entry first to see how I feel? （你：謝謝。我有點幽閉恐懼，可以先短暫進去試一下嗎？）

Technician: Absolutely. Let's do that. （技師：當然，我們先試試看。）

You: When will the results be ready, and how will I get them? （你：結果什麼時候出？怎麼拿？）

Technician: Usually 24–48 hours. They'll go to Dr. Patel and to your patient portal. （技師：通常 24-48 小時。會送到 Patel 醫師和你的病患入口網。）

可替換句型模板

1. "I'd like to schedule [BLANK]."
   • a blood test
   • an abdominal ultrasound
   • an MRI of my [body part]
2. "Should I [BLANK] before the test?"
   • fast
   • drink lots of water
   • skip my morning medication
3. "I'm allergic to [BLANK]; please note that."
   • iodine contrast
4. "I get [BLANK]; could we [BLANK]?"
   • claustrophobic; take a break if needed
   • dizzy after blood draws; have me lie down
5. "When will the results be ready, and how will I get them?"
6. "Could you send a copy to my doctor and to my patient portal?"

小練習

翻成自然英文。

1. 我來做今天上午十點的抽血。
2. 這個檢查需要空腹多久？
3. 我對碘顯影劑過敏。
4. 我有點幽閉恐懼，可以中途休息嗎？
5. 結果多久會出來？

看診前可複製的英文整理表

排檢查或當天報到前，把這張表填好。

Medical test summary
Test ordered: __________
Referring doctor: __________
Date and time: __________
Location: __________

Prep instructions confirmed:
- Fasting: yes (___ hours) / no
- Water allowed: yes / no
- Morning medications: take / skip / partial
- Bowel prep / bladder prep: __________
- Anything to bring: ID / insurance / referral / list of meds

Questions for technician / receptionist:
- How long will the test take?
- Will contrast be used? IV / oral
- Any allergies to flag: __________
- Metal implants / pacemaker / pregnancy: __________
- Claustrophobia / dizziness / vasovagal history: __________

After the test:
- Results expected by: __________
- Sent to: my doctor / patient portal / me directly
- Follow-up appointment booked: yes / no — date: __________

延伸閱讀

• 平常用藥也要在檢查前報告：見 藥物史英文：正在吃什麼藥、劑量、頻率怎麼說
• 過敏一定要在打顯影劑前說清楚：見 藥物過敏與副作用英文：如何清楚告訴醫師和藥師

再次提醒：本文僅教英文溝通，不提供醫療診斷或治療建議。任何檢查前後的飲食、用藥、活動限制請依當地醫療人員指示。