受傷英文：跌倒、扭傷、割傷、瘀青、骨折
本文僅教英文溝通用法，不提供任何受傷的判斷或處置建議。若懷疑骨折、頭部撞擊後昏迷或嘔吐、大量出血止不住、開放性傷口、頸部或背部劇痛無法移動、孕婦腹部撞擊，請直接前往急診室（ER）或撥打 911，不要在家觀察。
受傷的英文與感冒不同：醫師最在意的是「怎麼受傷的（mechanism of injury）」與「什麼時候（time of injury）」。同樣是手腕痛，「打球扭到」、「跌倒撐手」、「車禍撞到」處置方式天差地別。本文教的是把這個故事用英文講清楚，而不是判斷自己是不是骨折。
核心單字表
| English term | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| injury / injured | 受傷 | I injured my left wrist. |
| fall / fell | 跌倒（過去式 fell） | I fell down the stairs this morning. |
| trip / tripped | 絆倒 | I tripped over a curb. |
| slip / slipped | 滑倒 | I slipped on the ice. |
| sprain / sprained | 扭傷（韌帶） | I think I sprained my ankle. |
| strain / strained | 拉傷（肌肉） | I strained my lower back. |
| twist / twisted | 扭到 | I twisted my knee playing basketball. |
| cut / laceration | 割傷／裂傷 | I have a cut on my hand. |
| bruise / bruised | 瘀青／瘀傷 | I have a bruise on my hip. |
| swelling | 腫脹 | There's a lot of swelling around my ankle. |
| pain on movement | 動就痛 | I have pain on movement. |
| weight-bearing | 承重 | I can't put weight on my left foot. |
| range of motion | 活動範圍 | My range of motion is limited. |
| suspected fracture | 疑似骨折 | They want to rule out a fracture. |
| stitches | 縫合 | I might need stitches. |
| tetanus shot | 破傷風疫苗 | When was my last tetanus shot? |
| brace / splint | 護具／夾板 | They put a splint on my wrist. |
必背句型
- I [fell / tripped / slipped] [time], and I [landed on / hurt] my [body part].
- It happened about [time] ago.
- I have pain in my [body part], especially when I [move / press / put weight on it].
- There's [swelling / bruising / a cut / blood] around the area.
- I [can / can't] put weight on it. ─ 能不能踩
- I [can / can't] move my [finger / wrist / shoulder].
- The pain is [N] out of 10.
- I cut my [body part] on a [knife / glass / sharp edge] about [time] ago.
- The cut is about [length] long, and it [is / isn't] still bleeding.
- I'm not sure if it's broken. I'd like to get it checked.
- I haven't had a tetanus shot in years. ─ 受傷時很關鍵
- I'm taking [blood thinner / medication], so I bruise / bleed easily.
錯誤說法 vs 自然說法
| 不太自然 | 自然說法 |
|---|---|
| My foot is twisted. | I twisted my ankle. / I sprained my ankle. |
| My bone is broken. (除非確認) | I'm worried it might be broken. / I'd like to rule out a fracture. |
| Big blue color on my leg. | I have a large bruise on my leg. |
| Skin is opened. | I have an open cut. / I have a laceration. |
| It hurts when I walk. | I have pain when I put weight on it. |
| I cannot move it. | I can't move it / I have very limited range of motion. |
情境對話
地點：urgent care 報到後
Provider: How did you injure yourself? 醫師：你怎麼受傷的？
You: I tripped on a curb walking home about an hour ago. I tried to catch myself and landed on my left wrist. 你：大概一小時前在路邊絆倒，手撐地，左手腕落地。
Provider: Can you point to where it hurts most? 醫師：可以指出最痛的地方嗎？
You: Right here, on the back of my wrist. It hurts most when I try to bend it. 你：手腕背側這裡，彎的時候最痛。
Provider: Any numbness or tingling in your fingers? 醫師：手指有麻或刺感嗎？
You: No numbness, but there's some swelling and a small bruise forming. 你：沒有麻，有點腫，瘀青正在形成。
Provider: Can you make a fist? 醫師：能握拳嗎？
You: I can, but it's painful. I'd give the pain a 6 out of 10. 你：可以，但會痛，痛感大約 6/10。
Provider: We'll get an X-ray to make sure nothing's broken. 醫師：我們照個 X 光排除骨折。
可替換句型模板
- I [fell / tripped / slipped / was hit] [TIME] ago, and I [landed on / hurt] my [BODY PART].
- The mechanism was [tripping over a curb / slipping on ice / a sports tackle / a fall from standing height].
- I [can / can't] [bear weight / make a fist / move my fingers / lift my arm].
- The pain is [N]/10 at rest and [N]/10 when I [move / press].
- I'm worried about a [fracture / sprain / deep cut], and I'd like it checked.
小練習
- 把「我打籃球時扭到右腳踝，現在腫起來了，沒辦法踩」翻成英文。
- 把「我用刀切菜時割到左手食指，傷口大概 2 公分，還在流血」翻成英文。
- 把「我從樓梯上跌下來，後腦撞到一下，但沒昏倒」翻成英文（提醒：頭部撞擊應立即就醫）。
參考答案
- I twisted my right ankle playing basketball. It's swollen now, and I can't put weight on it.
- I cut my left index finger while chopping vegetables. The cut is about 2 centimeters long, and it's still bleeding.
- I fell down the stairs and hit the back of my head. I didn't lose consciousness.
看診前可複製的英文整理表
Mechanism: Tripped over a curb walking home; fell forward; landed on outstretched left hand Time of injury: ~1 hour ago Site of pain: Dorsal (back) side of left wrist Pain: 6/10 with movement; 3/10 at rest Swelling/bruising: Mild swelling, small bruise forming Range of motion: Can make a fist with pain; can't fully extend wrist Neurovascular: No numbness or tingling; fingers warm and pink Other injuries: None / [list — head, knee, etc.] Last tetanus shot: Approximately [year] Blood thinners: No / Yes ([drug]) Allergies: None / [list]
醫療邊界提醒
本文僅供英文溝通練習。疑似骨折、頭部撞擊、頸背受傷、開放性傷口、出血不止、孕婦腹部受傷、兒童跌倒後行為改變等情況，請直接前往急診室或撥打 911，不要在家觀察。 是否需要 X 光、是否需要縫合、是否需要破傷風疫苗、是否需要影像檢查或骨科會診，全部由現場醫療人員判斷。
延伸閱讀：感冒、發燒、咳嗽英文、皮膚問題英文、牙醫英文。