急診英文:胸痛、呼吸困難、昏倒、嚴重疼痛怎麼說

⚠️ 緊急狀況請先打電話求救,不要先讀文章。 在美國撥 911、英國/香港 999、台灣 119、歐盟 112、日本 119、澳洲 000。胸痛、呼吸困難、昏倒、嚴重出血、可能中風(臉歪、手無力、講話含糊)、過敏休克、自殺意念都屬於需要立刻通報的狀況。本文教的是抵達急診後講電話時可以用的英文,不是要取代撥打急救電話。

進到急診室(emergency room / ER),你不是排隊看病,而是進入「檢傷分級(triage)」流程:護理師會先用 30 秒判斷你多嚴重,再決定多快輪到你。這時候講對一句話,可能直接被推進去而不是在 lobby 等兩小時。本文教你那一句話該怎麼說。

本文僅教英文溝通,不提供醫療診斷或治療建議。實際處置請以現場醫護判斷為準;只要懷疑是危及生命的狀況,請立即撥打當地急救電話。

核心單字表

English 中文意思 例句
emergency room (ER) 急診室 I need to go to the ER.
triage 檢傷分級 The triage nurse will see you first.
chest pain 胸痛 I'm having chest pain.
short of breath 呼吸短促 I'm short of breath.
can't breathe 喘不過氣 I can't breathe.
pass out / faint 昏倒/暈過去 I passed out for a few seconds.
dizzy 頭暈 I feel dizzy.
numb 麻木 My left arm is numb.
severe pain 劇烈疼痛 I have severe pain in my abdomen.
pain scale 疼痛量表 On a scale of 1 to 10, it's a 9.
sudden 突然 It started suddenly.
worse 加劇 It's getting worse.

必背句型(最重要的 60 秒)

進門先講這幾句,不要寒暄:

  1. "I need help. I'm having chest pain." — 我需要幫忙,我胸痛。
  2. "I can't breathe." / "I'm short of breath." — 我喘不過氣/呼吸短促。
  3. "I passed out a few minutes ago." — 我幾分鐘前昏倒過。
  4. "The pain is unbearable—9 out of 10." — 痛到受不了,10 分裡的 9 分。
  5. "It started suddenly about 30 minutes ago." — 大約 30 分鐘前突然開始。
  6. "It's getting worse." — 越來越嚴重。
  7. "My left arm is numb." / "The left side of my face is drooping." — 我左手麻/左臉下垂(疑似中風)。
  8. "I'm allergic to [penicillin / aspirin]." — 我對〈藥名〉過敏。
  9. "I'm taking [blood thinners / insulin / heart medication]." — 我有在吃〈藥〉。
  10. "I'm pregnant." / "I have a heart condition." — 我懷孕/我有心臟病史。
  11. "I have my insurance card and ID with me." — 我有保險卡和身分證件。
  12. "Please call my emergency contact—[name and phone]." — 請打給我的緊急聯絡人。

描述疼痛:被反覆問到的 4 個維度

急診醫護幾乎必問下列四項,事先想好答案能省幾分鐘。

維度 英文問法 你怎麼答
位置 "Where does it hurt?" "Right here, in my chest / lower right abdomen / lower back."
強度 "On a scale of 1 to 10?" "It's an 8 out of 10."
性質 "What does the pain feel like?" "Sharp / dull / burning / crushing / stabbing / throbbing."
時間/誘發 "When did it start? What were you doing?" "It started suddenly about an hour ago, while I was walking."

錯誤說法 vs 自然說法

不自然 / 不夠精準 自然說法 為什麼
My heart is pain. I'm having chest pain. 胸痛統一用 chest pain,不要直譯。
I no breathe. I can't breathe. / I'm short of breath. 完整句才能讓護理師立刻判斷嚴重度。
I fell down and don't know. I passed out for a few seconds. passed out 是醫療標準說法。
Very very pain. The pain is unbearable—9 out of 10. 用量表表達強度,醫護立即理解。
I sick yesterday. The symptoms started yesterday and got worse this morning. 加時序與變化才有用。
I take medicine but not know name. I'm on a blood thinner—I have the bottle in my bag. 不記得藥名就帶藥袋/拍照給看。

情境對話:到急診檢傷台

Triage nurse: What brings you in today? (檢傷護理師:今天怎麼了?)

You: I'm having chest pain. It started suddenly about 40 minutes ago, and it's getting worse. (你:我胸痛。大約 40 分鐘前突然開始,越來越嚴重。)

Triage nurse: On a scale of 1 to 10? (檢傷護理師:1 到 10 分是幾分?)

You: Eight. It feels like pressure, and it's spreading to my left arm. (你:8 分。感覺像壓迫感,還擴散到左手。)

Triage nurse: Any shortness of breath, sweating, or nausea? (檢傷護理師:有呼吸困難、冒汗、噁心嗎?)

You: Yes, all three. I'm also a bit dizzy. (你:三個都有,還有點頭暈。)

Triage nurse: Any heart conditions? Are you on any medications? (檢傷護理師:有心臟病史嗎?有在吃什麼藥?)

You: I have high blood pressure. I take lisinopril every morning. I'm allergic to penicillin. (你:我有高血壓。每天早上吃 lisinopril。我對盤尼西林過敏。)

Triage nurse: Okay, we're taking you back right now. Try to stay calm and take slow breaths. (檢傷護理師:好,我們現在就帶你進去。試著保持冷靜,慢慢呼吸。)

可替換句型模板

  1. "I'm having [chest pain / severe abdominal pain / a bad headache] that started [suddenly / about an hour ago / this morning]."
  2. "On a scale of 1 to 10, it's [a 7 / an 8 / a 9]."
  3. "It feels [sharp / dull / burning / crushing / stabbing / throbbing]."
  4. "I also have [shortness of breath / nausea / dizziness / numbness in my left arm]."
  5. "I have a history of [high blood pressure / diabetes / asthma] and I'm taking [medication name]."
  6. "I'm allergic to [penicillin / aspirin / latex]."

小練習

  1. 我胸痛,大約一小時前突然開始。
  2. 1 到 10 分,我大概 9 分。
  3. 我左手麻。
  4. 我幾分鐘前昏倒過。
  5. 我對盤尼西林過敏,有在吃血壓藥。

參考答案:

  1. I'm having chest pain that started suddenly about an hour ago.
  2. On a scale of 1 to 10, I'd say it's a 9.
  3. My left arm is numb.
  4. I passed out a few minutes ago.
  5. I'm allergic to penicillin and I'm taking blood pressure medication.

急診時可念的英文整理表

ER ARRIVAL CARD (印一張放錢包,發病時直接念)

1. Main symptom: I'm having ____________________
2. Started: ____________________ (time / how long ago)
3. Pain scale: ___ out of 10
4. Pain feels: [ ] sharp  [ ] dull  [ ] burning  [ ] crushing  [ ] stabbing  [ ] throbbing
5. Other symptoms:
   [ ] short of breath  [ ] nausea  [ ] dizzy  [ ] sweating  [ ] numb in ____
   [ ] passed out for ___ seconds
6. Medical history: ____________________
7. Current medications: ____________________
8. Allergies: ____________________
9. Emergency contact: ______________ Phone: ______________
10. Insurance: card in [wallet / phone]

If unable to speak, hand this card to the triage nurse.

醫療邊界提醒:本文只教英文溝通,不替代醫療判斷。遇到危及生命的狀況請立即撥打當地急救電話(美國 911/英國 999/台灣 119/歐盟 112/日本 119/澳洲 000);本文的句子是抵達急診或講電話時的輔助,不是延後求救的理由。

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