急診英文:胸痛、呼吸困難、昏倒、嚴重疼痛怎麼說
⚠️ 緊急狀況請先打電話求救,不要先讀文章。 在美國撥 911、英國/香港 999、台灣 119、歐盟 112、日本 119、澳洲 000。胸痛、呼吸困難、昏倒、嚴重出血、可能中風(臉歪、手無力、講話含糊)、過敏休克、自殺意念都屬於需要立刻通報的狀況。本文教的是抵達急診後或講電話時可以用的英文,不是要取代撥打急救電話。
進到急診室(emergency room / ER),你不是排隊看病,而是進入「檢傷分級(triage)」流程:護理師會先用 30 秒判斷你多嚴重,再決定多快輪到你。這時候講對一句話,可能直接被推進去而不是在 lobby 等兩小時。本文教你那一句話該怎麼說。
本文僅教英文溝通,不提供醫療診斷或治療建議。實際處置請以現場醫護判斷為準;只要懷疑是危及生命的狀況,請立即撥打當地急救電話。
核心單字表
| English | 中文意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| emergency room (ER) | 急診室 | I need to go to the ER. |
| triage | 檢傷分級 | The triage nurse will see you first. |
| chest pain | 胸痛 | I'm having chest pain. |
| short of breath | 呼吸短促 | I'm short of breath. |
| can't breathe | 喘不過氣 | I can't breathe. |
| pass out / faint | 昏倒/暈過去 | I passed out for a few seconds. |
| dizzy | 頭暈 | I feel dizzy. |
| numb | 麻木 | My left arm is numb. |
| severe pain | 劇烈疼痛 | I have severe pain in my abdomen. |
| pain scale | 疼痛量表 | On a scale of 1 to 10, it's a 9. |
| sudden | 突然 | It started suddenly. |
| worse | 加劇 | It's getting worse. |
必背句型(最重要的 60 秒)
進門先講這幾句,不要寒暄:
- "I need help. I'm having chest pain." — 我需要幫忙,我胸痛。
- "I can't breathe." / "I'm short of breath." — 我喘不過氣/呼吸短促。
- "I passed out a few minutes ago." — 我幾分鐘前昏倒過。
- "The pain is unbearable—9 out of 10." — 痛到受不了,10 分裡的 9 分。
- "It started suddenly about 30 minutes ago." — 大約 30 分鐘前突然開始。
- "It's getting worse." — 越來越嚴重。
- "My left arm is numb." / "The left side of my face is drooping." — 我左手麻/左臉下垂(疑似中風)。
- "I'm allergic to [penicillin / aspirin]." — 我對〈藥名〉過敏。
- "I'm taking [blood thinners / insulin / heart medication]." — 我有在吃〈藥〉。
- "I'm pregnant." / "I have a heart condition." — 我懷孕/我有心臟病史。
- "I have my insurance card and ID with me." — 我有保險卡和身分證件。
- "Please call my emergency contact—[name and phone]." — 請打給我的緊急聯絡人。
描述疼痛:被反覆問到的 4 個維度
急診醫護幾乎必問下列四項,事先想好答案能省幾分鐘。
| 維度 | 英文問法 | 你怎麼答 |
|---|---|---|
| 位置 | "Where does it hurt?" | "Right here, in my chest / lower right abdomen / lower back." |
| 強度 | "On a scale of 1 to 10?" | "It's an 8 out of 10." |
| 性質 | "What does the pain feel like?" | "Sharp / dull / burning / crushing / stabbing / throbbing." |
| 時間/誘發 | "When did it start? What were you doing?" | "It started suddenly about an hour ago, while I was walking." |
錯誤說法 vs 自然說法
| 不自然 / 不夠精準 | 自然說法 | 為什麼 |
|---|---|---|
| My heart is pain. | I'm having chest pain. | 胸痛統一用 chest pain,不要直譯。 |
| I no breathe. | I can't breathe. / I'm short of breath. | 完整句才能讓護理師立刻判斷嚴重度。 |
| I fell down and don't know. | I passed out for a few seconds. | passed out 是醫療標準說法。 |
| Very very pain. | The pain is unbearable—9 out of 10. | 用量表表達強度,醫護立即理解。 |
| I sick yesterday. | The symptoms started yesterday and got worse this morning. | 加時序與變化才有用。 |
| I take medicine but not know name. | I'm on a blood thinner—I have the bottle in my bag. | 不記得藥名就帶藥袋/拍照給看。 |
情境對話:到急診檢傷台
Triage nurse: What brings you in today? (檢傷護理師:今天怎麼了?)
You: I'm having chest pain. It started suddenly about 40 minutes ago, and it's getting worse. (你:我胸痛。大約 40 分鐘前突然開始,越來越嚴重。)
Triage nurse: On a scale of 1 to 10? (檢傷護理師:1 到 10 分是幾分?)
You: Eight. It feels like pressure, and it's spreading to my left arm. (你:8 分。感覺像壓迫感,還擴散到左手。)
Triage nurse: Any shortness of breath, sweating, or nausea? (檢傷護理師:有呼吸困難、冒汗、噁心嗎?)
You: Yes, all three. I'm also a bit dizzy. (你:三個都有,還有點頭暈。)
Triage nurse: Any heart conditions? Are you on any medications? (檢傷護理師:有心臟病史嗎?有在吃什麼藥?)
You: I have high blood pressure. I take lisinopril every morning. I'm allergic to penicillin. (你:我有高血壓。每天早上吃 lisinopril。我對盤尼西林過敏。)
Triage nurse: Okay, we're taking you back right now. Try to stay calm and take slow breaths. (檢傷護理師:好,我們現在就帶你進去。試著保持冷靜,慢慢呼吸。)
可替換句型模板
- "I'm having [chest pain / severe abdominal pain / a bad headache] that started [suddenly / about an hour ago / this morning]."
- "On a scale of 1 to 10, it's [a 7 / an 8 / a 9]."
- "It feels [sharp / dull / burning / crushing / stabbing / throbbing]."
- "I also have [shortness of breath / nausea / dizziness / numbness in my left arm]."
- "I have a history of [high blood pressure / diabetes / asthma] and I'm taking [medication name]."
- "I'm allergic to [penicillin / aspirin / latex]."
小練習
- 我胸痛,大約一小時前突然開始。
- 1 到 10 分,我大概 9 分。
- 我左手麻。
- 我幾分鐘前昏倒過。
- 我對盤尼西林過敏,有在吃血壓藥。
參考答案:
- I'm having chest pain that started suddenly about an hour ago.
- On a scale of 1 to 10, I'd say it's a 9.
- My left arm is numb.
- I passed out a few minutes ago.
- I'm allergic to penicillin and I'm taking blood pressure medication.
急診時可念的英文整理表
ER ARRIVAL CARD (印一張放錢包,發病時直接念)
1. Main symptom: I'm having ____________________
2. Started: ____________________ (time / how long ago)
3. Pain scale: ___ out of 10
4. Pain feels: [ ] sharp [ ] dull [ ] burning [ ] crushing [ ] stabbing [ ] throbbing
5. Other symptoms:
[ ] short of breath [ ] nausea [ ] dizzy [ ] sweating [ ] numb in ____
[ ] passed out for ___ seconds
6. Medical history: ____________________
7. Current medications: ____________________
8. Allergies: ____________________
9. Emergency contact: ______________ Phone: ______________
10. Insurance: card in [wallet / phone]
If unable to speak, hand this card to the triage nurse.
醫療邊界提醒:本文只教英文溝通,不替代醫療判斷。遇到危及生命的狀況請立即撥打當地急救電話(美國 911/英國 999/台灣 119/歐盟 112/日本 119/澳洲 000);本文的句子是抵達急診或講電話時的輔助,不是延後求救的理由。
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