牙醫英文：牙痛、蛀牙、洗牙、補牙、拔牙
本文僅教英文溝通用法，不提供任何牙科診斷或治療建議。若臉部一側嚴重腫脹、發燒、無法張口或吞嚥困難、外傷導致牙齒脫落或斷裂，請立即聯繫牙醫急診（emergency dentist）或前往急診室。
美國牙科診所英文比一般人想像得簡單，但有幾個專有名詞要熟：cleaning（洗牙）、filling（補牙）、cavity（蛀牙）、root canal（根管治療）、extraction（拔牙）、crown（牙冠）。最關鍵的是描述「哪一顆牙、上排還下排、左右、痛的性質」。本文教你怎麼描述。
核心單字表
| English term | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| cavity | 蛀牙（洞） | I think I have a cavity. |
| toothache | 牙痛 | I've had a toothache for two days. |
| filling | 補牙的填補物 | I need a filling on this tooth. |
| crown | 牙冠 | The dentist recommended a crown. |
| root canal | 根管治療 | Do I need a root canal? |
| extraction / pulling a tooth | 拔牙 | I might need an extraction. |
| cleaning | 洗牙 | I'm here for a cleaning. |
| X-ray | X 光 | When was your last dental X-ray? |
| sensitive | 敏感的 | This tooth is really sensitive to cold. |
| upper / lower | 上排／下排 | It's an upper molar. |
| left / right | 左／右 | The pain is on the right side. |
| molar / premolar / canine / incisor | 大臼齒／小臼齒／犬齒／門牙 | The lower right molar. |
| gum / gums | 牙齦 | My gums are bleeding when I floss. |
| swelling | 腫脹 | There's swelling around the tooth. |
| bite down | 咬下去 | It hurts when I bite down. |
| numb / numbing | 麻醉用的 | The numbing should kick in soon. |
| novocaine / lidocaine | 局部麻醉藥 | I've never had a reaction to lidocaine. |
必背句型
- I'd like to schedule a cleaning. / I'm here for my cleaning.
- I think I have a cavity in [location].
- I have a toothache in my [upper / lower] [left / right] [molar / front tooth].
- The pain is [sharp / dull / throbbing / constant / comes and goes].
- It hurts when I [bite down / drink something cold / drink something hot].
- This tooth is sensitive to [cold / hot / sweet things].
- I lost a filling. / A filling fell out.
- I think I cracked a tooth. ─ 牙裂掉
- My gums bleed when I [brush / floss].
- It's been [time] since my last cleaning.
- I'd like to discuss the treatment plan and the cost first.
- Does my insurance cover this?
錯誤說法 vs 自然說法
| 不太自然 | 自然說法 |
|---|---|
| My tooth is broken with hole. | I think I have a cavity. |
| Tooth pain when eat ice. | This tooth is sensitive to cold. |
| Tooth above left back. | Upper left molar. |
| The medicine to make sleep tooth. | The numbing / the local anesthetic. |
| Take out tooth. | Extract the tooth. / Have the tooth pulled. |
| Wash teeth. | Get a cleaning. / Have my teeth cleaned. |
情境對話
情境一：櫃台預約
Receptionist: Thanks for calling. How can I help? 櫃台：您好，請問需要什麼服務？
You: Hi, I'd like to schedule a cleaning. I'm a new patient. 你：你好，我想預約洗牙。我是新病人。
Receptionist: Sure. Do you have dental insurance? 櫃台：好的。有牙科保險嗎？
You: Yes, I have Delta Dental. Could you check if you're in-network? 你：有，我用 Delta Dental。可以幫我查是否是合作院所嗎？
Receptionist: I'll check. The next available cleaning is in three weeks. Is Tuesday at 10 a.m. OK? 櫃台：我查一下。最快是三週後，週二早上十點可以嗎？
You: That works. Thank you.
情境二：診間描述牙痛
Dentist: What brings you in today? 牙醫：今天為什麼來？
You: I've had a toothache in my lower right molar for about a week. It started as cold sensitivity, and now it hurts whenever I bite down. 你：右下後排這顆牙痛了大概一週。一開始只是冰的會酸，現在咬東西就痛。
Dentist: Is the pain sharp or more of a dull ache? 牙醫：痛是刺痛還是悶痛？
You: It's a sharp pain that comes when I bite down. Sometimes it throbs at night. 你：咬下去是刺痛，有時候晚上會抽痛。
Dentist: Let's take an X-ray to see what's going on. 牙醫：我們先照個 X 光看看。
可替換句型模板
- I have [a toothache / sensitivity / a chipped tooth] in my [upper / lower] [left / right] [tooth type].
- The pain started [TIME] ago, and it's [sharp / dull / throbbing].
- It hurts when I [bite down / drink cold / drink hot / brush].
- I'm here for [a cleaning / a filling / a checkup / an emergency visit].
- Could you walk me through [the treatment plan / the cost / what my insurance covers]?
小練習
- 把「我左下犬齒對冰水非常敏感，已經兩週了」翻成英文。
- 把「我昨晚吃東西時掉了一塊填補物」翻成英文。
- 把「我刷牙的時候牙齦容易流血」翻成英文。
參考答案
- My lower left canine is very sensitive to cold water. It's been about two weeks.
- I lost a filling while eating last night. / A filling fell out last night while I was eating.
- My gums bleed easily when I brush.
看診前可複製的英文整理表
Reason for visit: Toothache in lower right molar Onset: ~1 week ago Pain quality: Started as cold sensitivity; now sharp on biting; throbs at night Triggers: Cold drinks, biting down Other symptoms: No facial swelling, no fever, no jaw locking Last cleaning: ~10 months ago Last X-ray: ~2 years ago Allergies: None / [list, e.g., latex, lidocaine] Medical conditions: None / [list, e.g., on blood thinners, pregnant] Insurance: [Plan name] — please verify coverage and copay
醫療邊界提醒
本文僅供英文溝通練習，不提供牙科診斷或治療建議。何時需要根管治療、是否要拔牙、要不要做牙冠、麻醉藥怎麼選，全部由執業牙醫師判斷。 若出現臉部一側嚴重腫脹、高燒、無法張口、吞嚥困難或呼吸不順，這是可能的牙源性感染擴散警訊，請立即前往急診室或聯繫牙醫急診。
延伸閱讀：受傷英文、眼科英文、感冒、發燒、咳嗽英文。